1.3 Continental Drift

Beschreibung

Pgs. 24-45
Izzy Backhouse
Quiz von Izzy Backhouse, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
Izzy Backhouse
Erstellt von Izzy Backhouse vor mehr als 8 Jahre
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Frage 1

Frage
Why are earthquakes rare in ocean basins away from MORs?
Antworten
  • Ocean basins are found in the middle of the plate where there is no tectonic activity.
  • Earthquakes only occur at MOR's.
  • It is aseismic.

Frage 2

Frage
Why is there a positive heat flow over the axial rift of an MOR?
Antworten
  • Due to rising magma and volcanic activity.
  • Due to the density of the rocks.

Frage 3

Frage
How have satellites provided evidence for sea floor spreading?
Antworten
  • They can measure the changing distance between two points over time.
  • They can predict movement of plates.

Frage 4

Frage
[blank_start]Transform[blank_end] faults displace mid-ocean ridges. They form [blank_start]perpendicular[blank_end] to the axial rift.
Antworten
  • Transform
  • perpendicular

Frage 5

Frage
Seismic [blank_start]tomography[blank_end] has been used to provide evidence for mantle plumes and hot spots by taking [blank_start]3D[blank_end] images of heat flow to show areas of [blank_start]high[blank_end] heat flow compared to cooler ones.
Antworten
  • tomography
  • 3D
  • high

Frage 6

Frage
Label the image to show the formation of island chains and seamounts over a hotspot.
Antworten
  • oldest seamount
  • youngest island
  • mantle plume
  • direction of plate movement

Frage 7

Frage
How does a chain of islands and seamounts develop over a hotspot? Rising magma creates an [blank_start]island[blank_end]. The plate moves over the [blank_start]hotspot[blank_end]. The mantle plume is [blank_start]stationary[blank_end]. Older islands [blank_start]sink[blank_end] and are eroded.
Antworten
  • island
  • hotspot
  • stationary
  • sink

Frage 8

Frage
What is a mantle plume?
Antworten
  • A stationary area of high heat flow in the mantle which rises from great depths and produces magma that feeds hot spot volcanoes.
  • A body of lower density buoyant material rising upwards.
  • The surface expression of a mantle plume.

Frage 9

Frage
Using the fit of Africa and S. America describe the evidence for the movements of continents over time. Fit of the [blank_start]continents[blank_end] - Fit along edge of continental [blank_start]shelf[blank_end]. - Few [blank_start]overlaps[blank_end] due to younger rock deposited. - Few gaps due to [blank_start]erosion[blank_end]. Rock types - Matching [blank_start]rock[blank_end] sequences across the join of the continents - Same age of rocks across the [blank_start]join[blank_end] eg. Precambrian - cratons eg. Carboniferous - [blank_start]glacial deposits[blank_end] Mountain chains - Same trend of mountain [blank_start]belts[blank_end] across the join of the continents - structures such as folds / faults match up - same rock types in the mountain belt across the join - same [blank_start]age[blank_end] of mountains across the join Fossils - outcrops of fossils match up / same fossils on different continents - fossils that could not have crossed an ocean the same on both continents eg reptile - [blank_start]Mesosaurus[blank_end] eg plants - [blank_start]Glossopteris[blank_end] Glaciations - direction of [blank_start]striations[blank_end] shows movement of ice and the striations match up - glacial [blank_start]erratics[blank_end] can be found on both continents - glacial rocks match up across the join - Carboniferous ice [blank_start]sheet[blank_end] can be seen across Africa and South America
Antworten
  • continents
  • shelf
  • overlaps
  • erosion
  • rock
  • join
  • glacial deposits
  • belts
  • age
  • Mesosaurus
  • Glossopteris
  • striations
  • erratics
  • sheet

Frage 10

Frage
Fossils found in Africa and S. America used as evidence for continental drift: Reptile = [blank_start]Mesosaurus[blank_end] Plant = [blank_start]Glossopteris[blank_end]
Antworten
  • Mesosaurus
  • Glossopteris

Frage 11

Frage
Label the diagram of an MOR.
Antworten
  • axial rift
  • magma chamber
  • convection currents
  • basalt pillow lavas
  • thin layer of sediment
  • mid-ocean ridge
  • direction of plate movement

Frage 12

Frage
Label the diagram of the oceanic-continental convergent plate margin.
Antworten
  • partial melting of subducting plate
  • batholith
  • volcano
  • direction of plate movement
  • continental crust
  • trench
  • oceanic crust
  • Benioff zone
  • Asthenosphere
  • Lithosphere
  • sea level
  • rising magma

Frage 13

Frage
Label the diagram of the continental-continental convergent plate margin.
Antworten
  • ophiolite
  • batholith
  • Lithosphere
  • Asthenosphere
  • ancient oceanic crust
  • fold mountains
  • continental crust
  • continental crust
  • direction of pate movement
  • form by orogenesis

Frage 14

Frage
Label the diagram of a oceanic-oceanic convergent plate margin.
Antworten
  • sea level
  • subducting oceanic crust
  • Benioff zone
  • partial melting
  • volcanic island
  • oceanic crust
  • deep sea trench

Frage 15

Frage
Give examples of the different types of plate margins: Divergent: [blank_start]Mid-Atlantic Ridge[blank_end] Oceanic-Continental Convergent: [blank_start]Nazca[blank_end] and [blank_start]South American[blank_end] Continental-Continental Convergent: [blank_start]Indian[blank_end] and [blank_start]Eurasian[blank_end] Oceanic-Oceanic Convergent: [blank_start]Pacific[blank_end] (subducting) and [blank_start]Philippine[blank_end] Conservative: [blank_start]Pacific[blank_end] and [blank_start]North American[blank_end]
Antworten
  • Mid-Atlantic Ridge
  • Nazca
  • South American
  • Indian
  • Eurasian
  • Pacific
  • Philippine
  • Pacific
  • North American
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