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1. As opposed to rehabilitation, remediation of a loss of physical function means to
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restore the original function
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maintain what function remains.
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correct the problem through alternative means.
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accept the loss of one function but strengthen those that remain.
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The term morbidity refers to
Frage 3
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The traditional American approach to health care is
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multidimensional.
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preventive.
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holistic
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episodic
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4. Which of the following BEST illustrates the traditional American approach to health care?
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an emphasis on disease prevention
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Seeing doctors only when sick or injured
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Eliminating high-risk behaviors from your lifestyle
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taking advantage of your school or company’s fitness center
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5. The goal of preventive medicine is to
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identify and reduce risk factors in the patient’s life.
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promote managed health care over traditional insurance.
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prevent people from having to visit doctors
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treat illness.
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6. Of the following, which is not one of the central goals proposed by Healthy People 2020?
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Promote healthy development and healthy behaviors across every stage of life.
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An increasing acceptance of integrative forms of health care including reflexology and herbal-ism.
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Achieve health equity, eliminate disparities, and improve the health of all groups.
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Eliminate preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death.
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7. Which term BEST describes the process in which individuals or groups gain increasing control
over their health?
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wellness
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holistic health
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empowerment
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health promotion
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8. Which of the following BEST illustrates group-oriented health promotion as described in your
text?
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A small rural town attracts a new physicians’ clinic.
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A city receives federal funding to establish an AIDS awareness campaign.
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A new neighborhood is designed so that parks, stores, and medical clinics are easilyreached by walking or by bus
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An inner-city neighborhood creates Volunteer groups to clean up parks, Organize a crime watch program, and offer youth sports leagues.
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9. During which of Prochaska’s Stages of Change would an individual think about making a change
in behavior but have no actual intention of stopping in the next few months?
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Preparation Stage
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Precontemplation Stage
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Contemplation Stage
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Termination Stage
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10. According to the text, to define health,
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one must first understand the dynamics of illness and death.
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it is important to focus on illness prevention and the postponement of death.
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it is important to look past illness prevention and the postponement of death.
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none of these is correct.
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11. Rodney has been in his first job only two months, but already some of his colleagues dislike
He doesn't mean any harm; he just says what’s on his mind. In which of the following areas does
Rodney need improvement?
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independence
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responsibility
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social skills
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intimacy
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12. Unlike most other concepts of health, holistic health considers (Blank) to be part of overall health
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tolerance for risk
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your attitudes about your health
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others’ perceptions of your health
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Intellectual and spiritual dimensions
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13. Your body weight, visual ability, strength, and level of susceptibility to disease are components
of which dimension of health
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physical
-
emotional
-
social
-
occupational
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14. Your ability to cope with stress, remain flexible, and compromise to resolve conflict encompasses
which dimension of health?
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intellectual
-
emotional
-
spiritual
-
social
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15. People who have good emotional health tend to
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16. Your ability to process information, clarify values and beliefs, and exercise decision-making
ability lies primarily in which dimension of health?
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social
-
spiritual
-
physical
-
intellectual
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17. The dimension of health that focuses on your relation to others, the nature of human behavior,
and your willingness to serve others is the (Blank) dimension
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social
-
spiritual
-
physical
-
intellectual
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18. This dimension of health encompasses the ability to interact comfortably in diverse settings.
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social
-
physical
-
intellectual
-
spiritual
Frage 19
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19. The significant contribution that the occupational dimension makes to the wellness movement is
that it
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affords many people material needs
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Defines for many importance of the workplace to their sense of well being
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allows many people to fill their days without boredom
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adds to the gross national product of the united states
Frage 20
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1. Which of the following is the BEST indication of an emotionally healthy person?
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a tendency to respond to every situation, good or bad, with humor
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an ability to remain calm and in control of one’s emotions in every situation
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a tendency to show a range of emotions that reflect life's “ups and downs”
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a tendency to restrain one’s happiness, knowing that bad experiences can happen at any time
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2. Which of the following examples of humor MOST clearly signifies emotional wellness?
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when it is only used to poke fun at others
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when you can recognize the humor in everyday life
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when it is restrained and carefully considered
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when it is only used to poke fun at oneself
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3. April feels shy and often lonely when she attends parties. She should
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develop her communication skills.
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attend the party with people she is acquainted with
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have one or two drinks to make herself feel better.
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only attend a party if she knows the people who will be there
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4. How are communication skills related to emotional health?
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Good communication skills are indicators of good social interactions.
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Emotionally healthy people must excel at communication.
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Communication skills are based on emotional health.
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There is no correlation between the two.
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5. Which of the following is FALSE regarding nonverbal communication?
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it is what is communicated by facial expression and body posture
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the way in which you breathe is a form of nonverbal communication.
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it is not a powerful means of communication
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It is the more important aspect of the message being communicated.
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6. Which of the following is an important principle for effective verbal communication?
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Speak quickly to give your message more impact.
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If your argument is weak, raise your voice
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Provide as many details as possible.
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Start on a positive note.
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7. When you have important message to communicate, it is most essential that you
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8. Which of the following would NOT be included in nonverbal communication‘?
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facial cues
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the environment
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body posture
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eye contact
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9. Which of the following has been cited as one of the MOST important sources of nonverbal
communication‘?
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body posture
-
personal space
-
eye contact
-
facial expressions
Frage 29
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10. Seth was upset at John’s lack of consideration regarding a shared project at work. Seth wanted to
share his feelings about the situation with John. As they talked, Seth realized that the conversation was
becoming volatile and heated. What conflict management technique should Seth use?
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Seth should acknowledge John’s feelings.
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Seth should watch his body posture.
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Seth and John should agree to discuss this matter at another time
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Seth should use assertive communication.
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11. Abraham Maslow proposed that emotional growth occurs as one’s(blank) are satisfied.
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emotions
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metaneeds
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basic needs
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long-range goals
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12. In Maslow’s concept of emotional growth, the highest level of growth is
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self- denial.
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self- realization.
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Self- actualization
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self- determination.
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13. The first requirement in Maslow’s hierarchy to be met is
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safety needs.
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self-esteem needs.
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belonging and love.
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physiological needs.
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14. According to Maslow, spirituality, creativity, and curiosity are considered
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metaneeds.
-
basic needs.
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essential needs.
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fundamental needs.
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15. Your friend Walter recently lost his job and his apartment. He is living temporarily with his
parents and seems quite cynical. According to Maslow’s theory, what would be the best way you could
help him start to rebuild his self-esteem?
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Help Walter find a job and a place to live
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Direct Walter’s attention to transcendent things
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Take Walter out to dinner so that he can forget his troubles
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Introduce Walter to a young woman you think would find him attractive
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16. According to the authors, which of the following is seen as one of the MOST important traits of a
creative person?
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nonconformity
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persistence
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independence
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curiosity
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17. People who are creative tend to possess which of the following characteristics
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confidence.
-
persistence.
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humor.
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spirituality.
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18. Which of the following people is MOST likely to be labeled creative? One who
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19. An important benefit of spirituality is that it
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keeps you humble.
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discourages the use of drugs.
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has been found to increase your psychological wellness.
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provides a basis on which to judge the behavior of others.
Frage 39
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20. People with spiritual health
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21. One of the benefits of mindfulness is that it enables you to
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plan your day without interruptions.
-
accept yourself and your experience
-
complete a simple chore.
-
concentrate on your breathing.
Frage 41
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22. Pessimism and low self-esteem tend to result from
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personalization.
-
permanence.
-
pervasiveness.
-
learned helplessness.
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23. When an individual views a task as being hard, anticipates failing at that task, and subsequently
performs poorly, they are experiencing which of the following
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permanence
-
pessimism
-
low self-esteem
-
learned helplessness
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24. When you personalize events, you
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blame oneself and have an internal explanatory style for negative events.
-
blame others and have an external explanatory style for negative events.
-
see yourself the way others see you.
-
change how you view the world.
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25. Which of the following chemicals is said to be deficient in people with depression?
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melatonin
-
ACTH
-
beta endorphins
-
serotonin
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26. Your roommate Celine is normally an active person, but over the last two weeks she has
remained in the apartment for several days. She won't talk to her friends when they call, and she seems to have no appetite. Celine is most likely suffering from
Frage 46
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27. The drug Prozac is
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most commonly used to treat bipolar disorder.
-
highly effective, but also known for its many side effects.
-
a highly effective antidepressant.
-
being replaced in most cases by newer, more effective medications.
Frage 47
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28. Ellen is always moody and tired most days between late December and early April. She is most
likely suffering from
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29. Common symptoms of seasonal affective disorder include which of the following?
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increased sex drive
-
fatigue
-
weight loss
-
insomnia
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30. Which of the following is TRUE regarding suicide?
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Suicide is the leading cause of death for young adults 15-to-24 years old.
-
Asian Americans are the highest risk group to complete suicide.
-
Women tend to use more lethal methods to commit suicide than men
-
Suicide occurs more often among middle-aged Americans.
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31. Bipolar disorder was previously known as
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32. Mel was recently found on a rooftop claiming that he could fly. The next time you saw him, he
did not even get out of bed, claiming he was worthless and would be better off dead. Several days later,
police catch Mel driving at high speeds in the wrong direction on a freeway. Mel’s behavior is most
characteristic of
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33. Which of the following statements about suicide in the United States is MOST accurate?
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Suicide is more a problem of the elderly than of young people.
-
Suicidal tendencies are distinctly different from other emotional disorders.
-
suicidal symptoms include feelings of depression and helplessness
-
Suicidal symptoms are hard to identify because they are usually well hidden.
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34. Which of the following is NOT a risk factor associated with suicidal behavior?
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having little or no support system
-
possessing a firearm
-
having a problem with drugs or alcohol
-
being easily distracted and irritated
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35. Bipolar disorder is MOST commonly treated with
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drug therapy and psychotherapy.
-
shock therapy and lithium.
-
counseling only.
-
family and group therapy.
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36. Your friend Sue is talking about committing suicide. Which intervention strategy should you use
to help her? You should
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assume she is not serious and change the topic of discussion.
-
avoid the subject completely because it might upset her more.
-
stay with her until you can get further assistance.
-
argue with her that things are not that bad.
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37. Charlyce is always tired, tense, overreacts, and is always fearful things will go wrong. Her
behavior is most characteristic of
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38. Which of the following statements about generalized anxiety disorder is MOST accurate?
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People with this disorder can easily mask their symptoms.
-
People with this disorder tend to be lethargic and unresponsive to others.
-
People with this disorder appear to worry all the time about everything
-
People treated for this disorder are typically cured
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39. Carey has experienced intense and frequent bouts of excessive worrying over everything for the past six months. She is an individual with
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40. An emotional episode that features rapid pulse, heavy sweating, shortness of breath, nausea, and
the feeling of being out of control is probably a(n)
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41. Which of the following is FALSE regarding panic disorders?
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Many panic disorder sufferers feel as if they are about to die or are losing control.
-
A panic attack could last a few minutes or a few hours.
-
symptoms of a panic attack can mirror that of a heart attack.
-
sufferers generally perform repetitive behavior to reduce the panic attack
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42. The MOST effective treatment for panic disorders is
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43. A person who does unreasonable things like constantly washing his hands or constantly checking
locks is MOST likely showing signs of
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44. Aleesha was suffering from obsessive-compulsive disorder, but recently has been doing much
better. Which of the following is MOST likely? She
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45. Michael believes he was kidnapped by aliens. He said he reported his kidnapping to the FBI, but
they ignored him. Much of his conversation is impossible to understand. Michael is MOST likely
suffering from
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46. One of the defining characteristics of schizophrenia is
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the repetition of meaningless behaviors.
-
profound distortions in one’s personality.
-
a tendency to argue with everyone.
-
suicidal impulses.
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47. Which of the following statements about the treatment of schizophrenia is MOST accurate?
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New techniques in psychotherapy have made treatments very effective.
-
Recent advances in drug therapy have made treatments very effective.
-
Most forms of the disorder respond to treatment similarly.
-
there is no cure for schizophrenia
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48. Unlike other mental health professionals, psychiatrists are
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medical doctors.
-
holders of doctorate degrees.
-
qualified to practice psychotherapy
-
grouped according to their sub-specialties.
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49. Biological and medical interventions are used by
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50. Which of the following mental health care providers has a doctoral-level degree in counseling or
clinical psychology?
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-
counselor
-
psychiatrist
-
psychologist
-
social worker
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51. Which of the following is TRUE regarding counselors? They
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can write prescriptions for their patients.
-
treat psychological disorders using behavioral therapy.
-
tend to focus less on talking about a patient‘s problem.
-
can specialize in areas such as substance abuse treatment, marriage and family therapy, andvocational rehabilitation.
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52. Psycho-dynamic therapy is based upon the belief that
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faulty thinking patterns are the root of all problems.
-
treatment must focus on changing an individual’s thoughts.
-
effective treatment must focus on psychological forces underlying a patient’s problems.
-
effective treatment is based upon the learned optimism paradigm.
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53. The therapy that is based upon the belief that people, left to their own devices, will naturally grow
in positive and constructive ways is termed
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-
humanistic therapy
-
solution-based therapy.
-
cognitive therapy.
-
naturalistic therapy.
Frage 73
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54. Which of the following is TRUE regarding behavior therapy?
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The therapy sessions are very expensive.
-
It focuses on the person’s childhood years only.
-
It is a form of client-centered therapy.
-
It focuses on behavior modification rather than one’s thoughts.
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55. Which form of therapy is especially effective in treating anxiety, eating, and mood disorders?
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56. Which of the following BEST describes cognitive-behavioral therapy? It
57. In which type of therapy are clients encouraged to envision a future in which their problems are
no longer a dominant force in their lives?
A) dynamic
B) supportive
C) behavioral
D) solution—focused
58. Which of the following statements about group therapy is MOST accurate? It
A) is less effective than 0ne—on-one types of therapy.
B) is not a technique in itself, only an alternative to individual therapy.
C) is an effective approach for group members to understand one another’s experiences and support one another
D) is least effective in treating problems such as chemical dependency and eating disorders.
Antworten
-
focuses on changing thoughts in order to change a behavior
-
features probing the unconscious mind for solutions to problems.
-
uses peer education to help discover solutions to problems.
-
features “acting out" one’s emotions to dispel them.
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57. In which type of therapy are clients encouraged to envision a future in which their problems are
no longer a dominant force in their lives?
Antworten
-
supportive
-
behavioral
-
solution—focused
-
Dynamic
Frage 77
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58. Which of the following statements about group therapy is MOST accurate? It
Antworten
-
is less effective than 0ne—on-one types of therapy.
-
is not a technique in itself, only an alternative to individual therapy.
-
is an effective approach for group members to understand one another’s experiences and support one another
-
is least effective in treating problems such as chemical dependency and eating disorders.
Frage 78
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1. Which of the following is TRUE regarding stress’?
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-
it refers to physiological and emotional responses to an insignificant change or disruption
-
Patients suffering from it have varied and unexpected symptoms.
-
It is almost always a response to a negative event.
-
It is a physiological or psychological response to a significant or unexpected change or disruption in one’s life.
Frage 79
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2. The sequence involving the alarm, resistance, and exhaustion stages of the stress response is
referred to as the
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3. The biggest factor in determining whether you experience stress as positive or negative is
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-
how you respond to it
-
whether you were expecting it.
-
whether it involves physical pain.
-
whether the stressor is physical or emotional.
Frage 81
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4. Selye used the term eustress to describe
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the most unpleasant form of stress
-
the first stage in the stress reaction
-
stress resulting from pleasant events in one life
-
stress whose onset is delayed following exposure to a stressor.
Frage 82
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5. Long-lasting stress or experiencing multiple stressors simultaneously
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-
enhances the body’s immune system.
-
has little effect on overall health.
-
increases 0ne’s quality of life.
-
compromises the immune system.
Frage 83
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6. Selye’s term for stress resulting from unpleasant events or conditions is called
Antworten
-
terminal stress.
-
constress.
-
anastress.
-
distress.
Frage 84
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7. Which of the following is TRUE?
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-
Negative stressors weaken body systems, while positive stressors do not.
-
Positive stressors have cardiovascular benefits, while negative stressors do not.
-
The heart rate is more elevated when a stressor is negative than when it is positive.
-
the physiological reaction to stress is similar whether a stressor is positive or negative
Frage 85
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8. At its most basic, the purpose of the stress response is to enable the body to deal with
Antworten
-
unanticipated conflicts only.
-
perceived threats and dangers.
-
other people’s problems
-
personal responsibilities.
Frage 86
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9. The fight or flight response occurs during which stage of Selye’s general adaptation syndrome?
Antworten
-
alarm
-
recovery
-
resistance
-
exhaustion
Frage 87
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10. Juwan always gets sweaty palms and a rapid heartbeat before a wrestling match, even though he
loves wrestling. Which of the following BEST explains his physical reactions?
Antworten
-
Juwan's subconscious is telling him not to wrestle
-
his body is preparing for the fight or flight response
-
His reactions are abnonnal for a veteran wrestler; he should see a physician.
-
Juwan’s body is automatically preparing for the match.
Frage 88
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11. At what point in the stress response is something perceived as a stressor?
Antworten
-
when the brain decides that it is a stressor
-
when the endocrine system releases epinephrine
-
when it is first detected by the central nervous system
-
when the heart rate has increased 50 percent over the resting heart rate
Frage 89
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12. Which of the following is needed by the body to free up energy stores in response to stress?
Antworten
-
epinephrine
-
ACTH
-
cortisol
-
adrenaline
Frage 90
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13. Selye’s general adaptation syndrome refers to
Antworten
-
how the body typically reacts to stressors
-
the bodys tendency to fatigue upon continued exposure to a stressor.
-
a condition in which the body is no longer able to respond to stressors.
-
the body’s response to repeated negative stressors.
Frage 91
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14. The body‘s attempt to reestablish internal equilibrium occurs in which stage of Selye‘s general
adaptation syndrome?
Antworten
-
alarm
-
recovery
-
resistance
-
exhaustion
Frage 92
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15. The three stages of Selye’s general adaptation syndrome, in order, are
Antworten
-
alarm, resistance, recovery
-
alarm, reception, resistance
-
alarm, resistance, exhaustion
-
reception, resistance, recovery
Frage 93
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16. The purpose of the second stage in Selye’s general adaptation syndrome is to
Antworten
-
explain how prolonged stress eventually causes body systems to break down.
-
lower the intensity of the body’s initial reaction to the stressor.
-
increase hormonal and nervous system functions.
-
prepare the body for the fight or flight response.
Frage 94
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17. What is the name of the body structure that initiates the stress response for the hormonal and
nervous systems?
Antworten
-
adrenal gland
-
hypothalamus
-
pituitary gland
-
cerebral cortex
Frage 95
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18. The hormone that prepares the body for the stress response by increasing metabolic rate, heart
rate, and muscular tension, is called
Antworten
-
ACTH.
-
glycogen
-
epinephrine.
-
pituitary hormone.
Frage 96
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19. The basic role of the alarm stage in the stress response is to
Antworten
-
prevent the onset of exhaustion.
-
trigger the fight-or-flight response.
-
restore equilibrium as soon as possible.
-
protect the body from chronic stress.
Frage 97
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20. Epinephrine is secreted from the
Antworten
-
cerebral cortex.
-
pituitary gland.
-
adrenal glands.
-
hypothalamus.
Frage 98
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21. Which of the following is the BEST example of a stressor?
Antworten
-
John breaking into a sweat after a bad scare
-
Tomas pulling his hand away from a hot stove
-
Margo starting a new job
-
Seymore tapping his pencil nervously during an important test
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22. Tina had a hard first week in her stressful job. In subsequent weeks, she learned to cope with the
pressure; now, however, she has begun to suffer from stress-related illnesses. According to Selye's
general adaptation syndrome, why is this happening to Tina?
Antworten
-
Selye’s model does not address this situation.
-
Tina never actually learned to cope with the pressure.
-
Tina’s body’s ability to cope with the pressure is getting exhausted
-
The illnesses began during the first week, but the symptoms were masked.
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23. Which of the following is TRUE about stress and immune system function?
Antworten
-
Prolonged stress diminishes the immune response.
-
Early in the stress response, white blood cell activity is suppressed.
-
Frequent exposure to stressors can strengthen the immune system.
-
Frequent exposure to stressors builds an immunity to stress.
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24. Of the following, which is NOT a problem commonly associated with stress?
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25. What role does negative stress play in disease process? Stress
Antworten
-
does not cause disease, it simply makes disease symptoms worse
-
weakens the body, making it more susceptible to disease
-
stimulates the proliferation of viruses in a host.
-
has no role in disease transmission
Frage 103
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26. Clare has been under stress for the last three weeks. Which of the following Is she Likely to
experience?
Antworten
-
nasal drip
-
difficulty sleeping
-
rapid digestion
-
excess salivation
Frage 104
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27. Which of the following is TRUE regarding how stress impacts the physical aspect of the body?
Antworten
-
Stress impacts your psychological health more than your physical health.
-
The more stressed you are, the better physically you are able to cope with stress
-
Stress can cause your immune system to be compromised.
-
Constant exposure to stress causes the stress reaction to occur less often.
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28. A moderate level of stress in our lives
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would still produce stress related illnesses.
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is positive and beneficial.
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would increase absenteeism in the workplace.
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would cause industrial accidents to increase.
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29. The bell-shaped curve demonstrating that there is an optimal level of stress for peak performance
is the
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30. Janie has been away at school for a month and is beginning to feel homesick. What strategy can she use to combat this feeling? She should
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go home every weekend.
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decide that living away is not for her and move home.
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get involved with social activities at her school.
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take a more vested interest in academic work to help pass the time.
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31. Alicia has a child and is trying to balance school, work, and her child. What advice do the authors suggest for her? She
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should drop out of school until her child is old enough to start preschool
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needs to manage her time well and have a strong support system.
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should cut back on her classes she takes at school.
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should ask her employer for a raise to cover day care expenses so she will have more time for her other responsibilities.
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32. You have studied for the test and feel you are prepared. You look at the first question and suddenly your mind goes blank. The harder you try to think, the more stressed you get. You are experiencing
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sudden cognitive stress syndrome.
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academic paralysis of analysis.
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test anxiety
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poor test preparation anxiety.
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33. Your professor has assigned an oral presentation that is a significant proportion of your grade.
Although you must present it at the end of the semester, you are already getting anxious. What should you do to help cope with your speech anxiety?
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Wait to the last minute to prepare; that way, you don’t have to worry about it now.
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Volunteer to go last; that way, maybe your professor will cut you a break.
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Tell the professor ion have a fear of public speaking.
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practice frequently in front of a mirror and in front of friends
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34. Joshua recently graduated from college, but has been unable to find a job. He currently lives at home with his parents and siblings. His father was recently laid off, and the family has been unable to keep up on their expenses. Things are tense around the house. What is the major source of stress for Joshua and his family?
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relationship problems
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academics
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the economy
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technology
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35. One of the procedures your text recommends for managing your time is to
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get out of bed earlier.
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analyze how you are spending your time.
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Divide your time into five-minute blocks.
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try to get a start on several new activities daily.
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36. Keith fits his studies into whatever time slots are open in a day. He is not happy with his grades.
What must he do FIRST to improve his studies? He must
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ask his instructor for help.
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cut back on recreation.
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determine how much time he really spends studying.
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group his current study periods into fewer, larger blocks.
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37. An individual procrastinates because he or she
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is lazy and unmotivated. '
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has too much time on his or her hands.
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is able to performing better on a task if he or she waits.
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is delaying the task because he or she dreads doing it. ,
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38. Which of the following is FALSE regarding perfectionists? They
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tend to be stressed individuals.
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tend to be their own worse critics
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focus on what they have accomplished
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Have difficulty with criticism or negative feedback.
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39. The goal of coping with techniques is to
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resolve your problems and alleviate stress
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eliminate stressors.
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reduce the body’s reactions to stressors.
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change negative stressors to positive stressors.
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40. Which of the following is TRUE regarding sleep and stress?
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Sleeping too much is an effective stress management technique.
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Getting too little sleep has virtually no effect on stress.
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Normal circadian rhythms are important aspects to effective stress management.
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Sleeping 12-14 hours significantly reduces the amount of stress you have.
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41. Which of the following best describes why exercise is an effective stress management technique?
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Exercise allows you to exert maximum effort that reduces stress.
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Exercise can alleviate stress through the release of endorphin's.
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Aerobic exercise requires shallow breathing, which is the key to stress management.
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Exercise increases the amount of adrenalin released that reduces the stress response.
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42. Which of the following coping techniques is based on detecting the difference between contracted and relaxed muscles?