Carbohydrates

The general formula for carbohydrates is CnH2On.

Which of the following is NOT a main use of carbohydrates?

Glucose is a [blank_start]hexose[blank_end] sugar.

What is this molecule?

This molecule is ribose. True or false?

In condensation between two sugars, an [blank_start]OH[blank_end] group and [blank_start]H[blank_end] group leave their monomers and become [blank_start]water[blank_end]. The monomers then join, forming a [blank_start]C-O-C[blank_end] bond. This is called a [blank_start]glycosidic[blank_end] bond. The resulting molecule can vary, for example: a-glucose + a-glucose = [blank_start]maltose[blank_end] a-glucose + fructose = [blank_start]sucrose[blank_end] a-glucose + B-galactose = [blank_start]lactose[blank_end] B-glucose + B-glucose = [blank_start]cellobiose[blank_end]

[blank_start]Starch[blank_end] is the main form of carbohydrate store in plants. It's made of [blank_start]amylose[blank_end] and [blank_start]amylopectin[blank_end], which are [blank_start]long[blank_end] chain [blank_start]a-Glucose[blank_end] chains. While [blank_start]amylose[blank_end] and [blank_start]amylopectin[blank_end] both have [blank_start]1,4-glycosidic bonds[blank_end], [blank_start]amylose[blank_end] coils into a helical shape, but [blank_start]amylopectin[blank_end] is branched out. Starch is [blank_start]insoluble[blank_end] so as to not affect the water potential of the cells it's stored in.

[blank_start]Glycogen[blank_end] is the main type of carbohydrate store in animals. It's a [blank_start]multi-branched[blank_end] [blank_start]a-Glucose[blank_end] polymer with 1,4- and 1,6-glycosidic bonds. It's highly [blank_start]compact[blank_end] so optimal for storage.

Which of the following descriptions are true about cellulose? Check all that apply.

Unlike plant cell walls, bacterial cell walls are made of peptidoglycan.