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1. A relational join operation merges rows from two tables.
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2. An inequality condition is also known as a natural join and an equality condition is also called a theta join.
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3. Subqueries cannot be used in combinations with joins.
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4. The SELECT statement uses the attribute list to indicate what columns to project in the resulting set.
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5. Numeric functions take one numeric parameter and return one value.
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6. String manipulation functions are rarely used in programming.
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7. UNION, INTERSECT, and MINUS work properly only if relations are intersect-compatible, which means that the names of the relation attributes and their data types must be different.
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8. A view is a virtual table based on a SELECT query.
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9. A sequence is not associated with a table and can be dropped from a database with a DROP SEQUENCE command.
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10. SQL supports the conditional execution of procedures (IF-THEN-ELSE statements) that are typically supported by a programming language.
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11. To remedy the lack of procedural functionality in SQL, and to provide some standardization within the many vendor offerings, the SQL-99 standard defined the use of persistent stored modules.
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12. A persistent stored module is stored and executed on the database client machine.
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13. Every PL/SQL block must be given a name.
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14. In Oracle, you can use the SQL*Plus command SHOW ERRORS to help you diagnose errors found in PL/SQL blocks.
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15. PL/SQL blocks have a section used to declare variables.
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16. The most useful feature of PL/SQL blocks is that they let a designer create code that can be named, stored, and executed by the DBMS.
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17. Automating business procedures and automatically maintaining data integrity and consistency are trivial in a modern business environment.
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18. A trigger is procedural SQL code that is automatically invoked by the RDBMS upon the occurrence of a given data manipulation event.
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19. Triggers can only be used to update table values.
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20. A statement-level trigger is assumed if a designer omits the FOR EACH ROW keywords.
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21. A row-level trigger is assumed if we omit the FOR EACH ROW keywords and a statement-level trigger required the use of the FOR EACH ROW keyword.
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22. MySQL allows multiple triggering conditions per trigger.
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23. BEFORE means before the changes are made in memory but after the changes are permanently saved to disk.
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24. Just like database triggers, stored procedures are stored in the database.
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25. One of the major advantages of stored procedures is that they can be used to encapsulate and represent business transactions.
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26. Stored procedures must have at least one argument.
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27. Variables can be declared inside a stored procedure.
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28. Cursors are held in a reserved memory area in the client computer.
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29. An implicit cursor is automatically created in procedural SQL when the SQL statement returns only one
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30. An explicit cursor must return two or more rows.
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31. A stored function is another name for a stored procedure.
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Linked SQL” is a term used to refer to SQL statements that are contained within an application programming language such as COBOL, C++, ASP, Java, or ColdFusion.
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33. The following SQL statement uses a(n) .
SELECT P_CODE, P_DESCRIPT, P_PRICE, V_NAME FROM PRODUCT, VENDOR
WHERE PRODUCT.V_CODE = VENDOR.V_CODE;
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a. set operator
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b. natural join
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c. “oldstyle” join
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d. procedural statement
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34. When using a(n) join, only rows that meet the given criteria are returned.
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a. full
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b. inner
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c. outer
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d. set
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35. The statement SELECT * FROM T1, T2 produces a(n) join.
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a. cross
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b. natural
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c. equi-
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d. full
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36. How many rows would be returned from a cross join of tables A and B, if A contains 8 rows and B contains 18?
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37. A(n) join will select only the rows with matching values in the common attribute(s).
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a. natural
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b. cross
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c. full
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d. outer
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38. If a designer wishes to create an inner join, but the two tables do not have a commonly named attribute, he can use a(n) _____ clause.
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a. OF
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b. USING
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c. HAS
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d. JOIN ON
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39. A(n) join returns not only the rows matching the join condition (that is, rows with matching values in the common columns) but also the rows with unmatched values.
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a. outer
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b. inner
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c. equi-
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d. cross
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40. The syntax for a left outer join is .
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a. SELECT column-list
FROM table1 OUTER JOIN table2 LEFT
WHERE join-condition
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b. SELECT column-list
FROM table1 LEFT [OUTER] JOIN table2
ON join-condition
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SELECT column-list
WHERE LEFT table1 = table 2
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. SELECT column-list
FROM table1 LEFT table2 [JOIN]
WHERE join-condition
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41. In subquery terminology, the first query in the SQL statement is known as the query.
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a. outer
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b. left
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c. inner
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d. base
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42. In the context of SELECT subquery types, a is returned when an UPDATE subquery is used.
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a. NULL
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b. single value
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c. list of values
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d. virtual table
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43. Which of the following is a feature of a correlated subquery?
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a. The inner subquery executes first.
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b. The outer subquery initiates the process of execution in a subquery.
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c. The inner subquery initiates the process of execution in a subquery.
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d. The outer subquery executes independent of the inner subquery
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44. The function returns the current system date in MS Access.
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a. TO_DATE()
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b. SYSDATE()
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c. DATE()
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d. TODAY()
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45. When using the Oracle TO_DATE function, the code represents a three-letter month name.
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a. MON
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b. MM3
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c. MONTH
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d. MM
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46. In Oracle, the function converts a date to a character string.
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a. CONVERT()
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b. TO_DATE
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c. TO_CHAR()
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d. TO_STRING()
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is a string function that returns the number of characters in a string value.
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a. LENGTH
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b. SUBSTRING
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c. CONCAT
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d. UCASE
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48. When using the Oracle TO_NUMBER function to convert a character string into a number, represents a digit.
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49. The Oracle function compares an attribute or expression with a series of values and returns an associated value or a default value if no match is found.
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a. NVL
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b. TO_CHAR
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c. DECODE
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d. CONVERT
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50. is a relational set operator.
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a. MINUS
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b. PLUS
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c. ALL
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d. EXISTS
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51. “Unioncompatible” means that the .
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a. names of the relation attributes can be different, but the data types must be alike
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b. names of the relation attributes must be the same, but the data types can be different
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c. names of the relation attributes must be the same and their data types must be alike
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d. number of attributes must be the same, but the names and data types can be different
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52. The data type is considered compatible with VARCHAR(35).
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a. DATE
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b. INT
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c. TINYINT
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d. CHAR(15)
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53. The statement combines rows from two queries and excludes duplicates.
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a. UNION
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b. UNION ALL
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c. INTERSECT
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d. MINUS
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54. Assume a designer is using the UNION operator to combine the results from two tables with identical structure, CUSTOMER and CUSTOMER_2. The CUSTOMER table contains 10 rows, while the CUSTOMER_2 table contains 7 rows. Customers Jenna and Howard are included in the CUSTOMER table as well as in the CUSTOMER_2 table. How many records are returned when using the UNION operator?
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55. Assume you are using the UNION ALL operator to combine the results from two tables with identical structure, CUSTOMER and CUSTOMER_2. The CUSTOMER table contains 10 rows, while the CUSTOMER_2 table contains 7 rows. Customers Dunne and Olowski are included in the CUSTOMER table as well as in the CUSTOMER_2 table. How many records are returned when using the UNION ALL operator?
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56. Assume you are using the INTERSECT operator to combine the results from two tables with identical structure, CUSTOMER and CUSTOMER_2. The CUSTOMER table contains 10 rows, while the CUSTOMER_2 table contains 7 rows. Customers Dunne and Olowski are included in the CUSTOMER table as well as in the CUSTOMER_2 table. How many records are returned when using the INTERSECT operator?
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57. The statement in SQL combines rows from two queries and returns only the rows that appear in the first set but not in the second.
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a. UNION
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b. UNION ALL
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c. INTERSECT
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d. MINUS
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58. Assume you are using the MINUS operator to combine the results from two tables with identical structure, CUSTOMER and CUSTOMER_2. The CUSTOMER table contains 10 rows, while the CUSTOMER_2 table contains 7 rows. Customers Dunne and Olowski are included in the CUSTOMER table as well as in the CUSTOMER_2 table. How many records are returned when using the MINUS operator?
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59. The operator could be used in place of INTERSECT if the DBMS does not support it.
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a. IN
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b. OF
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c. AND
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d. UNION
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60. The operator could be used in place of MINUS if the DBMS does not support it.
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a. IN
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b. NOT IN
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c. AND
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d. UNION
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61. The Oracle equivalent to an MS Access AutoNumber is a(n) .
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a. auto-number
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b. sequence
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c. TO_NUMBER function
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d. trigger
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62. Which of the following is a feature of oracle sequences?
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a. Oracle sequences are tied to columns and tables.
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b. Oracle sequences generate a character string
that can be assigned to tables.
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c. An oracle sequence uses the identity column property to automatically number rows.
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d. An oracle sequence can be created and deleted anytime.
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63. The pseudo-column is used to select the next value from a sequence.
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a. CURRVAL
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b. NEXTVAL
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c. NEXT
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d. GET_NEXT
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64. In Oracle, make(s) it possible to merge SQL and traditional programming constructs, such as variables, conditional processing (IF-THEN-ELSE), basic loops (FOR and WHILE loops,) and error trapping.
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65. The Oracle string concatenation function is .
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a. CONCAT
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b. +
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c. ||
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d. &&
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66. The PL/SQL block starts with the section.
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a. IS
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b. OPEN
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c. DECLARE
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d. BEGIN
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67. Oracle recommends for creating audit logs.
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a. triggers
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b. stored procedures
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c. stored functions
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d. tables
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68. is a cursor attribute that returns TRUE if the last FETCH returned a row, and FALSE if not.
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a. %ROWCOUNT
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b. %NOTFOUND
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c. %FOUND
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d. %ISOPEN