Test 1

[blank_start]Qualitative[blank_end]: Observable descriptions [blank_start]Quantitative[blank_end]: Measurable

[blank_start]Laws[blank_end]: How things work [blank_start]Theory[blank_end]: Tells us why things occur

Physical principles derived through the use of the scientific method

What the data describes

[blank_start]Natural science[blank_end]: Study of contents of the universe [blank_start]Physics[blank_end]: Study of matter and energy and how they relate to each other [blank_start]Radiologic physics[blank_end]: Study of x-rays and other radiation relative to their origin and behavior

[blank_start]Standard units[blank_end]: basic units in a particular system of measurement [blank_start]Fundamental units[blank_end]: ex. length, mass & time [blank_start]Derived units[blank_end]: units formed by using a combination of fundamental units

[blank_start]Force[blank_end]: Energy applied to something [blank_start]Energy[blank_end]: Ability or ability to do work [blank_start]Work[blank_end]: Movement of matter caused by the use of force

[blank_start]Momentum[blank_end]: Mass x Velocity [blank_start]Velocity[blank_end]: Speed or how much distance is being covered per unit time [blank_start]Acceleration[blank_end]: Change in speed over time and position

Newton's Laws of Motion [blank_start]1st Law[blank_end]: A body at rest will remain at rest or remain in motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force [blank_start]3rd Law[blank_end]: For every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction [blank_start]2nd Law[blank_end]: The force of an object is equal to the mass of the object times the velocity of the object

Kinetic Energy: [blank_start]Energy of motion[blank_end] Potential Energy: [blank_start]Energy of position[blank_end]

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Energy released during a chemical reaction

Energy released as a result of moving atoms or molecules

Energy released as a result of moving electrons

Energy stored in the nucleus of each atom

Energy released as a result of a combination of electrical and magnetic disturbances

What is mass?

[blank_start]Element[blank_end]: A pure substance made-up of identical atoms [blank_start]Molecule[blank_end]: Cluster of atoms

Nucleus: [blank_start]Determines type of element[blank_end] Electrons: [blank_start]Determine chemical properties[blank_end]

[blank_start]Atomic number[blank_end]: # of protons + neutrons [blank_start]Mass number[blank_end]: # of protons

[blank_start]Binding energy[blank_end]: Increases toward the nucleus [blank_start]Electron energy[blank_end]: Increases away from the nucleus

Atoms maintain chemical identity as long as the number of [blank_start]protons[blank_end] remain unchanged

[blank_start]Isobar[blank_end]: Same mass #; different protons [blank_start]Isomer[blank_end]: Same protons & neutrons [blank_start]Isotope[blank_end]: Same protons; different neutrons

Elements are listed by atomic weight on the periodic table

[blank_start]Groups/Columns[blank_end]: The number of electrons in the outer shell [blank_start]Periods/Rows[blank_end]: The number of orbital shells

[blank_start]Particulate radiation[blank_end]: The emission of particles from the nucleus [blank_start]Electromagnetic radiation[blank_end]: The emission of energy from the nucleus/shells

The force that keeps an electron in orbit

AKA flying out from the center force; electrons maintain their distance from the nucleus

[blank_start]Covalent bond[blank_end]: Sharing of electrons ex. H20 [blank_start]Ionic bond[blank_end]: Electron transfer ex. NaCl

A nuclei undergoes what type of decay by emitting a helium nucleus (2 protons and 2 neutrons)?

When a neutron changes into a proton (also changes the atom from one element to another), what type of decay is happening?

[blank_start]Beta[blank_end] emission occurs more frequently than [blank_start]alpha[blank_end]

What is the occupational dose limit of radiation?

[blank_start]Wavelength[blank_end]: Distance between peaks or troughs [blank_start]Frequency[blank_end]: The number of sine waves passing a point per unit time [blank_start]Amplitude[blank_end]: Positive portion of sine wave

Shorter wavelengths equal...

More peaks = [blank_start]shorter[blank_end] wavelengths = [blank_start]higher[blank_end] frequency Less peaks = [blank_start]longer[blank_end] wavelengths = [blank_start]lower[blank_end] frequency

What is the relationship between frequency and wavelength?

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