Biology Chapter 1

Frage	Antworten
Biology	The scientific study of life.
Biosphere	Which consists of all life on earth and all the places where life exists.
Ecosystems	Consists of all living things in a particular area.
Community	The array of organisms inhabiting a particular ecosystem.
Population	Consists of all the individuals of a species living within the bounds of a specified area.
Organisms	Individual living things.
Organ	A body part that is made up of multiple tissues and has specific functions in the body.
Cell	Is life's fundamental unit of structure and function.
Organelles	The various functional components present in cells.
Molecules	Is a chemical structure consisting of two or more units called atoms.
Emergent Properties	Are due to the arrangement and interactions of parts as complexity increases.
systems biology	The exploration of a biological system by analyzing the interactions among its parts.
Eukaryotic Cell	Contains membrane enclosed organelles.
Prokaryotic Cell	Lacks a nucleus or other membrane enclosed organelles.
DNA	The structure that contains the chromosomes genetic material.
genes	The genetic material that is each a section of the DNA.
Gene expression	The entire process by which the information in a gene directs the manufacture of a cellular product.
Genome	The entire "library" of genetic instructions that an organism inherits.
Genomics	The study of whole sets of genes.
Proteomics	The study of whole sets of proteins.
Bioinformatics	The use of computational tools to store, organize, and analyze the huge volume of data that results from high- throughput methods.
Producers	Organisms that produce their own source of food through the process of photosynthesis.
Consumers	Are organisms, such as animals, that feed on other organisms or their remains.
Feedback Regulation	The output
Climate Change	A directional change to the global climate that lasts for three decades or more.
Evolution	The concept that the organisms living on Earth today are the modified descendants of common ancestors.
Natural Selection	The natural environment consistently "selects" for the propagation of certain traits among naturally occurring variant traits in the population.
Inquiry	A search for information and explanations of natural phenomenon.
Data	Recorded observations.
Inductive Reasoning	Deriving generalizations from a large number of specific observations.
Hypothesis	Is an explanation, based on observations and assumptions, that leads to a testable prediction.
Experiment	Is a scientific test, carried out under controlled conditions.
Deduction Reasoning	Involves logic that flows in the opposite direction, from the general to the specific.
Controlled Experiment	One that is designed to compare a controlled group with an experimental group.
Variables	A feature or a quantity that varies in an experiment.
Independent Variable	The factor being manipulated by the researchers.
Dependent Variable	The factor being measured that is predicted to be affected by the independent variable.
Theory	Is much broader in scope than a hypothesis.
Model Organism	A species that is easy to grow in the lab and lends itself particularly well to the questions being investigated.
Technology	Is to apply the scientific knowledge for some specific purpose.

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