Hitlers Germany

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Hitler's Germany
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KAISER WILHEM II Last german empreor. he was abdicated and the country was unsure if it had a future
THE WEIMAR GOVERNMENT was weak and had too many political parties
PRESIDENT ellects the chancellor
CHANCELLOR Head of government
Article 48 Allowed the president to suspend the democracy and rule with the army's support
6 MILLION people were unemployed
SEPTEMBER 1930 the election to vote Hitler in as Chancellor took place
JANUARY 1933 Hitler voted in as Chancellor. Van Papen felt he could control Hitler
27TH FEBRUARY 1933 Fire of Reichstag. Blamed Lube and said he was a communist to make Germans hate communists
LUBBE -found on premises at Reichstag fire -confessed to doing it after tourtered by Gestapo - executed January 1934
THE MARCH ELECTION Hitler calls for election on 5th March 1933
44% VOTES 288 SEATS Hitler gets 44% votes - does not have a majority Wins 288 Seats - more seats than communists
ENABLING ACT -Where Hitler asks parliament for more power. - Allows hitler take decisions without asking parliament
444 (PEOPLE) 94 (PEOPLE) 444 people voted for the Enabling Act to pass 94 Voted against
ERNST ROHM Leader of SA - Disagreed with Nazi actions -Wanted SA to merge with the army
THE NIGHT OF LONG KNIVES HOW MANY OPPONENTS KILLED? 'operation hummingbird' Hitler killed 400 oponenets
2 MILLION MEMBERS SA had 2 million loyal members to Rohm that opposed Hitler
30TH JUNE 1934 The main leaders of the SA were shot
2ND AUGUST 1934 President Hindenburg Dies
WHAT DID HIMMLER DO? - 1929 got rid of SS - set up death camps
SS - 50 000 BY 1934 there was 50 000 members of the SS
SS- 800 000 BY July 1944 there were 800 000 members of the SS
1933 - GESTAPO Set up in 1933 BY 1939 - it was the most powerful weapon in controlling Germans
WHAT IS CENSORSHIP? When the government stop publication of any material they don't believe in
WHAT WAS CENSORED? art, jazz/music books that don't follow Nazi rule- burned and banned
WHAT IS PROPAGANDA? true/false information given to make people think or behave in a certain way
JOSEPH GOEBBELS Minister of propaganda
Types of Propaganda radios- broadcasts cinemas posters rally's at Nuremburg
HOW MANY LOST JOBS BETWEEN 1933-1988? 8000 people lost jobs
HJALMAR SCHACHT in charge of money/economy
1934- NEW PLAN Where Schacht doesn't want imports coming into Germany so germany would be richer
GOERING A fighter pilot put in replacement of Hjalmar Schacht
HOW MANY ARMY MEMBERS WERE THERE FROM 1933-1939? ARMY GREW FROM 100 000 IN 1933 TO 1.4 MILLION IN 1939
HOW MUCH WAS SPENT ON MILITARY IN 1938? 6 BILLION SPENT ON MILITARY
HOW MANY UNEMPLOYED IN 1933? 6 million unemployed 25.9% workforce rate
HOW MANY UNEMPLOYED IN 1939? 302 000 unemployed 0.5% workforce rate
AUTOBAHMEN MOTORWAY
HOW LONG WAS THE AUTOBAHMEN? 7000 KM
WHO WAS KICKED OUT OF THEIR JOBS Women and Jews
FOUR YEAR PLAN started in 1936 Germany moving towards self sufficency
ARYAN RACE Blonde hair Blue eyes
1938 - 8 MILLION 8 Million young germans belonged to youth groups
PERFORMANCE BOOKS Children were monitered in Hitler Youths
INDROCTRICATING make someone do/believe what you want them to do/believe
WHAT WERE WOMEN EXPECTED TO DO? be married at a young age because it is 'proper German'
WOMNE- 1000 MARKS 1000 marks= 9 month loan 1 child = 25% loan paid off 4 children = loan paid off
WOMEN- EMPLOYMENT - not expected to work - Hitler saw no reason for them to work - were sacked
HOW MANY FEMALE TEACHERS, DOCTORS AND MUSICIANS WERE THERE? 1000 female teachers 3000 female doctors 13 000 female musicians most sacked
WOMEN- RESTRICTIONS - no make up, dyed hair, perms - wear trousers and flats - discouraged from slimming - smoking = 'non german'
LEBENSBORNS building where selected unmarried women can go and get pregnant by a SS man - openly publicised
MOTHERHOOD CROSS awarded to women who gave birth to largest number of children 8 = gold cross 6 = silver cross 4 = bronze cross
ANTI SEMITISM / ANTI SEMETIC anti jew
Reinhard Heydrich perfect Aryan head of Gestapo starts to holocaust assassinated by british agent
WHAT COULD JEWS AND NON JEW CHILDREN NOT DO? WHEN? boycott of jewish shops jewish & non-jewish children cant play together 1933 (DISCRIMINATION)
WHAT COULD JEWS AND NON JEWS NOT DO? WHEN? jewish & non jewish cant marry or have sex 1935 (DISCRIMINATION)
WHAT WERE JEWS NOT ALLOWED? WHEN? jews cannot publicise their work not allowed radios, bicycles, typewriters (DISCRIMINATION 1935-1936)
WHAT WERE JEWS BANNED FROM DOING? WHEN? doctors banned from germans banned from cinema cant go school (1938 DISCRIMINATION)
WHEN WAS KRISTALLNACHT? 1938 NOVEMBER
WHAT WERE JEWS ENCOURAGED TO DO? WHEN? Encouraged to emigrate 1939
30 000 JEWS 2500 JEWS WHEN? 30 000 JEWS SENT TO CAMPS 2500 DIED 1939
WHAT IS THE FINAL SOLUTION WHEN WAS IT? the plan to exterminate Jews in January 1942
HOW MANY JEWS APPROX KILLED IN 1942? Approx 6 million jews killed by the Nazi's
WHY DID KRISTALLNACHT START? A teenager killed a diplomat because he was frustrated that his family was kicked out of Germany.
HOW MANY JEWS WERE KILLED DURING KRISTALLNACHT 91 Jews killed.
1% of jews took up germanys population
ONE PARTY STATE When only one group of people have all the power
275 synagogues synagogues were destroyed
1600 synagogues synagogoues were attacked
1936- tax there was higher income tax for jews
30 000 jewish men 2500 men were inmprisoned most was released but 2500 died
JULY 1933 HITLER SIGNED THE CONCORDAT
CONCORDAT (an agreement) where pope allows the catholic to worship their religion freely
WHAT WERE PROTESTANTS ALLOWING? allowed nazi flag in churches less harsh
WHO IS LUDWIG MULLER? The reich bishop of Germany
WHO IS MATRIN NIEMOLLER? A famous pastor who spoke against Hitler
PASTORS EMERGENCY LEAGUE (PEL) people against to Nazi Action 1933
WHERE AND WHEN WAS NIEMOLLER SENT? Ninemoller was sent to concentration camp IN 1937 and PEL was banned
PASTORS people who work in churches
DID GERMANS BENEFIT? MOST Germans benefited from Nazi's
HOW MANY GYPSIES SENT TO CAMP? 500 000 gypsies sent to camps and killed
TRAMPS AND BEGGARS Forced to work arrested
WHO HAD FORCED STERILISATION? Those with depession, blindless, eplilepsy, deafness, physically disabled
WHAT WERE PHYSICAL AND MENTAL HANDICAPPED SEEN AS? handicapped were seen as threats
HOW MANY STERILISATIONS? 200 000 STERILISATIONS BY 1937
EUTHANASIA for seriously handicapped
STRENGTH THROUGH JOY DAF provided activities to keep german people happy
WHAT ACTIVITIES DID DAF PROVIDE? weekend trip and cruises concerts and theatres events- sports
HOW MUCH DID THE AVERAGE WAGE RISE BY? wages & working day increased managers average wage rose by 70%
WHY DID HITLER THINK YOUNG PEOPLE WERE IMPORTANT Because they were easy targets and gullible
HOW MANY YOUNG GERMANS BELONGED TO YOUTH GROUPS BY 1938? 8 million young germans
HOW WAS THE HITLER YOUTH CONTROLLED Hitler youth was controlled through indoctrination, beating and a performance book.
WHAT SYMBOL DID THE EDELWEISS PIRATES USE They used a flower symbol to represent their opposition towards Hitler/Nazi's
WHAT DID THE EDELWEISS PIRATES DO TO BE SUCCESSFUL -made escapes of concentration camps -sheltered army deserters -attacked military targets & Nazi oficials
WHO WERE THE SWING YOUTH? Middle class youths who wanted to dance and listen to music
WHAT DID THE WHITE ROSE GROUP DO? They made 6 different anti-Nazi leaflets and smuggled out of Germany
WHAT IS THE STAUFFENBURG PLOT? An attempt by an officer to kill Hitler and end WW2.
HOW MANY PEOPLE DIED BECAUSE OF THE STAUFFENBURG PLOT 5000 People died/killed.
FRIEDRICH EBERT He is the new leader of Germany and tried to restore order & stability.
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