20509049
Beschreibung
Karteikarten von Nuria Nácher Soler, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Nuria Nácher Soler
vor fast 5 Jahre
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| Frage | Antworten |
| EYES | Spherical receptors which contain a light-sensitive chemical, to sense light |
| PERCEPTUAL PROCESS | Sequence of steps of processes involved in perception. Processes that work together to determine our experience of and reaction to stimuli in the environment |
| STIMULUS | Refers to what is "out there", what we pay attention to and also to what stimulates our receptors |
| ELECTRICITY | Electrical signals that are created by the receptors and transmitted to the brain |
| EXPERIENCE AND ACTION | Refers to our goal to perceive, recognize and react to the stimuli |
| KNOWLEDGE | Refers to the knowledge we bring to the perceptual situation |
| ENVIRONMENTAL STIMULUS | All of the things in the environment that we can potentially perceive |
| RECEPTORS | Transform energy from the environment into electrical signals in the nervous system |
| TRANSDUCTION | Transformation of one form of energy into another form of energy |
| TRANSMISSION | Process in which one neuron activates the next one |
| PROCESSING | Process of interaction between neurons |
| PERCEPTION | Occurs when the electrical signals that represent the stimulus are transformed by the brain into our experience |
| RECOGNITION | Ability to place one object in a category |
| ACTION | Motor activities |
| KNOWLEDGE | Any information that the perceiver brings to a situation. Can affect a number of steps in the perceptual process |
| BOTTOM-UP PROCESSING/DATA-BASED PROCESSING | Processing based on incoming data |
| TOP-DOWN PROCESSING/ KNOWLEDGE-BASED PROCESSING | Processing based on (previous) knowledge |
| PSYCHOPHYSICS | Quantitative methods to measure relationships between stimuli (physics) and perception (psycho). Gustav Fechner |
| PHYSIOLOGICAL APPROACH TO PERCEPTION | Measuring the relationship between stimuli and physiological process and between physiological process and perception. Stimuli-Physiological processes-Perception |
| COGNITIVE INFLUENCES ON PERCEPTION | Knowledge, memories and expectations |
| DESCRIBING | Indicating the characteristics of a stimulus |
| RECOGNIZING | Placing the stimulus in a specific category |
| DETECTING | Being aware of a barely detectable aspect of a stimulus |
| PERCEIVING MAGNITUDE | Being aware of the size or intensity of a stimulus |
| SEARCHING | Looking for a specific stimulus among a number of other stimuli |
| CLASSICAL PSYCHOPHYSICAL METHODS | Original methods used to measure the stimulus-perception relationship. They are: methods of limits, adjustment and constant stimuli |
| PSYCHOPHYSICAL APPROACH | Focuses on the relationship between the physical properties of stimuli and the perceptual responses to these stimuli |
| ABSOLUTE THRESHOLD | Smalles amount of stimulus energy necessary to detect a stimulus |
| METHOD OF LIMITS | Experimenter presents stimuli in either ascendent or descendent order |
| METHOD OF ADJUSTMENT | The observer or the experimenter adjusts the stimulus intensity continously until the observer can just barely detect the stimulus |
| METHOD OF CONSTANT STIMULI | Experimenter presents five to nine stimuli with different intensities in random order |
| DIFFERENCE THRESHOLD (DL) | Smallest difference between two stimuli that a person can detect |
| "MAGNITUDE ESTIMATION" TECHNIQUE | Technique to measure absolute and difference thresholds |
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