FLASHCARDS: Topic 7.3 - Translation

Beschreibung

Biology (Topic 7: Nucleic Acids (HL)) Karteikarten am FLASHCARDS: Topic 7.3 - Translation, erstellt von Blen Abate am 18/02/2020.
Blen Abate
Karteikarten von Blen Abate, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
Blen Abate
Erstellt von Blen Abate vor fast 5 Jahre
3
0

Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Frage Antworten
tRNA activating enzymes enzymes that attach a specific amino acid to the tRNA, using ATP for energy; this activates the amino acid
What happens when the amino acid is attached? it is activated by the formation of a bond between the enzyme and AMP, then it is covalently attached to the tRNA
What happens to the energy from the bond between the amino acid and tRNA? it is used to link the amino acid to the growing polypeptide during translation
Initiation of translation the first tRNA molecule is bound to the first codon (AUG) in the P site
Elongation of translation the ribosome moves the tRNA at the P site to the E site, the next codon binds at the vacant A site
Termination of translation a stop codon is reached, the free polypeptide is released
Where does the protein go if it was made made by a free ribosome? cytoplasm, mitochondria or chloroplasts
Where does the protein go if it was made by ribosomes bound to the ER? ER, Golgi apparatus, lysosomes, plasma membrane or outside the cell
Why is there a delay between transcription and translation in eukaryotes? because the transcript is modified several times before leaving the nucleus
When does translation happen in prokaryotes? (in relation to transcription) as soon as transcription ends, translation starts
Polysomes structures visible in an electron microscope that represent multiple ribosomes attached to a single mRNA molecule
Primary structure the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide
Secondary structure the pattern of hydrogen bonds between the amino hydrogen and carboxyl oxygen atoms in the peptide backbone
Tertiary structure interactions between: positively charged R-groups will interact with negatively charged R-groups, polar R-groups that form H bonds with other polar R-groups
Quaternary structure when polypeptides fit together when there's more than one chain it also refers to the addition of non-polypeptide components
Zusammenfassung anzeigen Zusammenfassung ausblenden

ähnlicher Inhalt

GCSE Biology AQA
isabellabeaumont
GCSE Biology B2 (OCR)
Usman Rauf
Biology Unit 2 - DNA, meiosis, mitosis, cell cycle
DauntlessAlpha
Biological Molecules Definitions
siobhan.quirk
Cell Structure
megan.radcliffe16
GCSE Biology - Homeostasis and Classification Flashcards
Beth Coiley
Exchange surfaces and breathing
megan.radcliffe16
BIOLOGY HL DEFINITIONS IB
Luisa Mandacaru
Key Biology Definitions/Terms
courtneypitt4119
Biology B1.1 - Genes
raffia.khalid99
Biology Unit 1a - GCSE - AQA
RosettaStoneDecoded