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Erstellt von Elena Cade
vor mehr als 9 Jahre
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Frage | Antworten |
What is a pathogen? | A microbe that causes disease |
Name 5 non specific defence mechanisms | Phagocytosis / Skin / Mucus / Acid / Skin oils |
What type of Cells are involved in the specific defence mechanism? | Lymphocytes |
What is the role of mucus in defence? | Pathogens stick to mucus and it is transported up and swallowed |
What do phagocytes contain that release lytic enzymes? | Lysosomes |
What shape are antibodies? | Y shaped |
What time of immunity involved T lymphocytes? | Cell mediated immunity |
Where are T lymphocytes produced? | Stem cells/ Bone marrow |
Where do T lymphocytes mature? | Thymus |
What type of antigens trigger an immune response from T lymphocytes? | Body cells that have been altered/ Non self antigens |
What type of immunity involved B lymphocytes? | Humoural |
What do B lymphocytes respond to? | Bacteria / Viruses / Antigens / Toxins |
How long after infection does it take for antibodies to be produced? | 3 - 14 days |
What are the type of cells that are clones of B & T lymphocytes that remain in the body for long term defence? | Memory Cells |
Why does antigenic variation stop the previous antibodies responding to a new infection? | The antigens have changed , the new antigens will not correspond to the antibodies/memory cells |
How many polypeptide chains are in an antibody? | 4 |
What holds the peptide chains together? | Disulphide bridges |
Name some features of a successful vaccination programme | Available / Few side effects / has the means to be produced, transported and stored / staff to administer/ available to vaccinate majority of population |
What type of immunity results from antibodies being transferred? | Passive |
What are monoclonal antibodies? | A single type of antibody that has been isolated and cloned outside the body |
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