A2 Psychology

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Karteikarten am A2 Psychology, erstellt von olinw200 am 23/04/2015.
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Zusammenfassung der Ressource

Frage Antworten
Outline the trait perspective Personality is determined through genes inherited from parents. All behaviour is innate and genetically programmed From this it is concluded that behaviour is predictable
What are the disadvantages of the trait perspective? In reality behaviour is not always predictable Doesn't take into account the effect environment has on behaviour
Give the formula for the trait perspective Behaviour = Function of personality B = F(P)
What are the four main personality traits that Esyenck identified? Where do they go on this diagram?
Describe the personality type extrovert Affiliate well to other people Outgoing Become aroused more slowly Low sensitivity of the reticular activating system
Describe the personality type introvert Shy and reserved Prefer isolation from others Become aroused more quickly High sensitivity of the reticular activating system
Describe the personality type neurotic Display extreme and unpredictable emotions Mood swings Moods are unreliable Experience high degrees of stress Recovery from stress is slow
Describe the personality type stable Display predictable emotions Moods are predictable Don't experience extreme stress Recover from stress is rapid
Define psychoticism The third scale which Eysenck added to his personality model. It measures how tender or tough minded people are.
What is the purpose of Cattell's 16PF test? To profile personalities. He analysed 16 personality characteristics rather then 4
EPQ stands for? What was it used for? Eysenck's Personality Questionnaire Profile personalities
Define the narrow band theory A theory proposed by Girdano that there were two personality types Type A Type B
Give characteristics of a type A personality Highly competitive Work fast Strong desire to succeed Likes control Prone to suffer stress
Give characteristics of a type B personality Non-competitive Works more slowly Lacks desire to succeed Does not enjoy control Less prone to stress
Make links between the narrow band theory and introverts and extroverts People that have type A personalities are likely to be extroverts People that have type B personalities are likely to be introverts
Define the social learning perspective All behaviour is learned. Learning occurs through environmental experiences. Personality is not genetically programmed
Give the formula for the social learning theory Behaviour = Function of Environment B = F(E)
Who proposed the social learning theory? Bandura
What are the two processes that learning takes place in the social learning theory? The behaviour of others being imitated through observation New behaviour being acquired after observation, but only when it is endorsed through social reinforcement.
Give an example of a performer learning through the social learning theory A novice cricketer who does not regularly train, sees that James Anderson puts a lot of effort in training to become a good player resulting in the novice training hard.
What is social learning often termed as? Vicarious learning
Identify with examples where appropriate the conditions that support social learning Behaviour is demonstrated by a significant other The role model is powerful and authoritative The observer and the role model are the same gender When the person wants to adopt the norms and values
Identify the drawback with the social learning theory It doesn't take into account genetically inherited factors
Who proposed the integrationist approach? Hollander
Describe Hollander's 3 personality levels *Psychological core - True self inaccessible - Constant *Typical response - Changeable learned behaviours -Become modified as the person responds to environmental situations Reflect the makeup of the personality core *Role related behaviour - Most external -Most easily changed -Individual may have to change this throughout the day depending on role. -Direct consequence of the environment
What levels of hollanders personality levels allow learning to take place? The 2 outer levels
Give the formula for the Interactionist approach Behaviour = Function of personality X Environment B = F(PxE)
Define Personality Profiling Analysing a performers personality traits to be used to determine sports performance and specific roles in sport
What types of positions should Type A personalities or extroverts play? Attackers
What type of position should introverts and Type B personalities play? Defenders
Identify the 7 limitations of personality profiling Proof Evidence Subjectivity Invalidity Modification Reliability Stereotyping
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