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Erstellt von Mark George
vor fast 11 Jahre
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Frage | Antworten |
Name a biguanide. | Metformin |
3 main actions of biguanides | Inhibits hepatic glucose production. Increases peripheral uptake of glucose Increases insulin sensitivity |
Most serious SE of metformin | lactic acidosis |
Most COMMON SEs of metformin | GI disturbances (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, flatulence etc...). B12 depletion. |
MOA of sulphonylureas | Closes K+ channels causing insulin release |
Do sulphonylureas cause hypoglycemia? | YES |
MOA of thiazolidinediones | Binds to PPAR-y receptors which regulates CHO & lipid metabolism. Increases insulin sensitivity in adipose tissue. |
What is a requirement for use of hypoglycemic agents? | A pancreas that is capable of secreting insulin. |
Name a Sulphonylurea. | Glibenclamide |
Name a thiazolidinedione. | Pioglitazone |
Effects of sulphonylureas | Stimulates B-cell Insulin secretion. Increases insulin receptors on target cells. Inhibits gluconeogenesis |
Effects of Biguanides | Inhibition of hepatic glucose production. Increase Insulin Snsitivty Increase periph uptake of glucose. |
Can biguanides cause hypoglycemia? | NO |
2 elements of DKA | Deficiency of insulin & increased counter-regulatory hormones |
Acute complications of DM | Hypoglycemia. Diabetic Ketoacidosis. |
Chronic complications of DM | Microvascular and macrovascular disease. Neuropathies. Infections. Chronic hyperglycemia. |
Macrovascular diseases? | CAD. CVD. |
Microvascular diseases? | Retinopathy. Nephropathy. |
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