Chapter 2 Vocabulary

Beschreibung

Civics and economics vocabulary chapter 2
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Parliament British Legislature
Legislature Group of people that made laws
Precedent Ruling used as basis for a judicial decision in a later similar case
Commom Law System of law based on precedent and customs
Compact Agreement, or contract, among a group of people
Town Meeting Gathering of people of local citizens to discuss & vote on important issues
Mercantilism Theory that a country should sell more goods to other countries than it buys
Boycott Refusal to purchase certain goods
Congress Formal meeting at which representatives that discuss matters of common concern
Independence Self-reliance & freedom from outside control
Confederation Group of individuals or states that band together for a common purpose
Magna Carta Great Charter signed in 1215 by King John; limited power of the monarch & recognized rights of the nobles
Glorious Revolution 1688 the peaceful transfer of power in history of England; Parliament removed King James II from throne & invented his daughter Mary & her husband William to rule instead
English Bill of Rights English history guaranteed free elections; the right to a fair trial, & made cruel & unusual punishment illegal
Natural Rights Rights you are born with, Life, Liberty, & property
Social Contract Agreement between people (the governed) & the government; People agree yo give up part of their freedom to Govt. in exchange for protection of natural rights.
Baron De Montesquieu Philosopher who came up with the "seperation of powers"
Enlightenment During the 1700s & 1800s movement that spread the idea that reason & science could improve society
Mayflower Compact Document signed by passenger of Mayflower; created a direct democracy in the New World; also represents idea of a social contract
House Of Burgusses Bicameral legislature in Jamestown, Virginia; also was the 1st Representative democracy in the New World
Proprietary Colony Colony owned by a person who controlled the land & government
Royal Colony Colony owned by King& ruled directly by the king
Indentured servant Person who agreed to work for a period of 7 years to pay off the cost of their passage to the colonies
Triangular Trade Trade between Europe, Africa, & the Americas; slaves from Africa ere transported t the Americas & traded for sugar & molasses
Middle Passage Journey across the Atlantic Ocean made by the slave ships
Salutary Neglect Sometimes called Healthy Or Useful neglect meant England did not strictly enforce its laws in the colonies
French Indian War AKA 7 Years War; Between England & France; Because of war dept England began to tax
"No Taxation Without Representation" Slogan that summed up the colonists anger over taxes & the fact that colonies were NOT allowed to send representatives from parliament
Boston Massacre March 5th 1770 British soldiers opened fire on a crown killing 5 American colonists; event fueled the Americas hatred for the British
Boston Tea Party Colonists dressed as Indians sneaked abroad British ships & dumped 90,000 pounds of tea into the Boston Harbor
Intolerable Acts AKA Coercive Acts; these acts (laws) punished the Boston colonists for the Boston Tea PArty; the Boston port was closed to trade & new Quartering Act
Quarting Acts Part of the Intolerable Acts; act that required colonists to house & feed British soldiers
Common Sense Pamphlet written by Thomas Pained that was widely read in the colonies; said that colonies should be free & independent
Battle Of Lexington And Concord "Shot Heard Around The World"; 1st battle of the Revolutionary War
Second Continental Congress Meeting of colonial delegates in May 1775; a committee of 5 men were appointed to write a document declaring American Independence
Declaration Of Independence Document addressed to King George II of England that declared American Independence
Thomas Jefferson Chief author of the DOI
John Locke English philosopher whose natural rights philosophy was a BIG influence on Thomas Jefferson
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