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| Frage | Antworten |
| WHAT is Crude oil? | It is a mixture of naturally occuring hydrocarbons. |
| What is a Hydrocarbon? | A compond of ONLY Carbon and Hydrogen atoms. |
| WHAT is fractional distillation? | The Seperation of crude oil into different fractions which differ in boiling points. |
| In terms of intermolecular force, explain how fractional distillation works? | The larger the molecule the stronger the intermolecular bond, and the higher the boiling point. This makes fractional distillation work as it allows different compounds to be easily seperated. |
| WHAT are some problems that come with exploiting oil? | .If an Oil spill occurs there will be a lot of damage to the environment .Trading with politically unstable countries can be dangerous . |
| WHAT is a renewable source? | A source that can naturally replenish itself and can be used again and again. |
| WHAT is a non-renewable source? | A source that cannot naturally replenish itself quickly and is being used faster than it is made. |
| WHAT is complete Combustion? | Fuels burn when there is oxygen in the air. The hydrogen in the air is oxidised to water and the carbon is oxidised to carbon. Complete Combustion only occurs if there is sufficient oxygen. |
| WHAT is the formula for complete combustion? | Hydrocarbon+oxygen -> Water+ Carbon dioxide |
| WHAT IS INCOMPLETE COMBUSTION | When there is insufficient oxygen, incomplete combustion occurs. The Hydrogen is still oxidised to water, but instead of carbon dioxide we get carbon monoxide |
| WHAT are the benefits of complete combustion? | . More heat is produced .Less pollutants are produced .More efficient |
| WHAT is the difference between Alkenes and Alkanes? | ALKANES are Saturated and have Single (Covalent) bonds. ALKENES are Unsaturated and have Double bounds. |
| HOW DO YOU TEST FOR ALKENES? | BY USING THE BROMINE WATER TEST! Alkenes decolourise Bromine where as Alkanes don't. |
| In crude oil there are lots of large unuseful hydrocarbons, but a larger demand for smaller ones. How do we make these unuseful hydrocarbons, useful? | By using Cracking. |
| WHAT is cracking? | Cracking allows large molecules to be broken down into smaller and more useful molecules. Fractions with large molcules are vaporised and passed over a hot catalyst. This breaks chemical bonds in th mole cule and forms smaller ones. |
| What are polymers? | Polymers are very large molecules that are made from lots of smaller molecules (monomers) joining together end to end. Only Alkenes can be used to make Polymers as they have a double bond. |
| WHAT is addition polymerisation? | High pressure and a catalyst is used to break the double bonds and join all of the monomers together. |
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