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| Frage | Antworten |
| Mesopotamia | Mesopotamia" is a Greek word meaning, "Land between the Rivers". The region is a vast, dry plain through which two great rivers, the Euphrates and Tigris, flow. |
| Sumerians | Sumerian: where the creators of the first Mesopotamian civilization. |
| polytheistic | their religion was polytheistic because of this beliefs in army gods. |
| Ziggurat | the most prominent building in a sumerian city was the temple dedicated to the chief god or goddess of the city this temple was often built atop a massive stepped tower called a Ziggurat. the sumerians believed that gods and goddesses owned the cities. |
| Theocracy | a government by divine authority |
| cuneiform | around 3000 b.c the Sumerians created a cuneiform ("wedge-shaped") system of writing.using a reed stylus (a tool for writing), they made wedge-shaped impressions on clay table which were then baked or dried in the sun. |
| hammurabi's | came to power.he gained control of sumer and akkad thus creating a new mesopotamia kingdom. |
| patriarchal | mesopotamian society was patriarchal that is men dominated the society . |
| Nile River | begins in the heart of africa and course northward for more than 4,000 miles (6,436km). |
| inundation | annual flooding &the nile river |
| cataract | the water flood along the nile river . |
| silt | Silt is granular material of a size somewhere between sand and clay whose mineral origin is quartz and feldspar. Silt may occur as a soil or as sediment mixed in suspension with water (also known as a suspended load) in a body of water such as a river. It may also exist as soil deposited at the bottom of a water body. |
| king Menes | Egypts history begins around 3100 b.c when king Menes united upper and lower Egypt into a single kingdom and created the first royal dynasty. |
| dynasty | great house of; a family of rulers |
| pharaoh | name for a egyptian king. |
| "ka" | ancient egyptians thought that when someone died the ka or the life force left the physical body ; the ka could drink and eat but was stuck in the tomb in the body of the body of the mummy or the small statues that were left in the tomb. |
| 'Ba" | the ba was the part of the soul that embarked on a journey to follow the gods : the symbol of the ba is often shown as a bird with a human head and wings. |
| mummification | its was very important Egyptian religious belief that the human body was preserved. their method of preserving the body was called mummification. the process lasted lasted up to 70 days . |
| canopic jars | containers used to hold the internal organs (lugs,stomach,intestines, liver of the deceased that was going to be mummified ; the jars had lids shaped as the heads of the 4 sons of horus . |
| sarcophagus | formed the outer layer of protection for a royal mummy with several layers of coffins nested within and was often carved out of alabaster. |
| king khufu | earned everlasting fame for being the pharaoh responsible for the great pyramid at giza which he built to serve as his tomb |
| the great pyramid | largest of the 3 pyramids at giza built by king khufu the only monument of the 7 wonder of the ancient world to survive |
| king khufu boat | discovered in 1952 buried under the great pyramid to ferry king khufu spirit across the sky to be with ra the sun god. |
| great sphinx | one the largest and oldest statues in the world. archeologists believe that i was carved around 2500 bc that the head is to meant to be likeness of the pharaoh khafra |
| hieroglyphics | Egyptian picture writing |
| The Rosetta Stone | a stone with on it in two languages(egyptian and greek) using three. |
| Hyksos | invaded egypt; and ruled for 200 years introduced then horse drawn chariot . |
| hatshepsut | first great woman ruler in history ; she ruled egypt as king not queen. sculptures and masks show her with a false beard. |
| akhenaten | rejected the traditional religion in favor of worshiping the aten or sun disc after whom he renamed himself . he closed all the temples to the old gods and obliterated their names form monuments. |
| king Tut | 17 years old boy pharaoh whose tomb survived untouched by grave robbers more than 3,000 artifacts discovered in his tumb. |
| Ramses's 2 | ramses the great reigned |
| papyrus | reed like plant that grows on nile river ancient egyptians used to write on . |
| cultural diffusion | the spreading of idea from one culture to another culture . |
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