Respiratory System

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What is Aerobic Respiration?	Respiration using oxygen, which releases energy and produces carbon dioxide and water.
What is the word and balanced symbol equation for Aerobic Respiration?	Image: aerobic.PNG (image/PNG)
What is the word and balanced symbol equation for Anaerobic Respiration?	Image: aerobic.PNG (image/PNG)
Why can't a fish breathe in air?	Because it is not dense enough to push between the gill filaments.
What is the Human Thorax?	The chest cavity
The trachea...	is a flexible tube, surrounded by rings of cartilage to stop it collapsing.
The bronchi...	branches off the trachea.
The bronchioles...	branch off a bronchus
The lungs...	inhale and exhale air for gas exchange.
the alveoli (air sacs)...	is the site of gas exchange.
The intercostal muscles...	raise and lower the ribs.
The pleural membranes...	protect and lubricate the surface of the lung.
The diaphragm...	is a muscular 'sheet' between the thorax and the lung.
Where does oxygen enter and leave?	It enters the blood in the lungs and leaves the blood in body tissues.
Where does carbon dioxide enter and leave?	It enters the blood in the body tissues and leaves via the lungs.
What happens when the intercoastal muscles contract?	The rib cage moves upwards and outwards. The Diaphragm contracts and flattens. Increases the volume of the chest cavity - INSPIRATION!
What happens when the intercoastal muscles relax?	The rib cage moves downwards and inwards. The diaphragm also relaxes and moves upwards. This decreases the volume of the chest cavity-EXPIRATION!
What is Tidal Air?	The volume of air being breathed in or out in a normal breath.
What is Vital Capacity?	It is the maximum volume of air that can be used for gas exchange in the lungs - a maximum breath in followed by a maximum breath out.
What is Residual Air?	It is the volume of air that stays in the lungs when we breathe out.
Have have the alveoli adapted for gas exchange?	They have a massive surface area, a moist, thin, permeable surface and an excellent blood supply.
The trachea and bronchi defend the respiratory system against disease by...	produce mucus to trap dust and microorganisms and are lined with millions of cilia which move the mucus from the lungs into the throat, where it's swallowed.
Name 3 types of respiratory diseases	Asbestosis, Asthma, Bronchitis, Cystic Fibrosis, Lung Cancer, Pneumonia.
What happens during an asthma attack?	The lining of the bronchioles becomes inflamed, fluid and mucus builds up in the airways and the muscles contract, constricting airways.

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