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Frage | Antworten |
ATX | motherboard form factor 12" x 9.6" AMD and Intel are top manufacturers max of 7 expansion slots |
mATX | micro ATX form factor 9.6" x 9.6" max of 4 expansion slots |
mini-ITX | form factor 6.7" x 6.7" used in mini towers and slim profile PCs |
system bus | connects all of the systems primary components a highway for sharing and transmitting data |
CPU | Central Processing Unit includes Arithmetic Logic Unit (APU) and Floating Point Unit (FPU) |
PGA | Pin Grid Array socket where CPU goes primarily made by AMD |
LGA | Land Grid Array socket where CPU goes primarily made by Intel |
northbridge | one of two chips that make up the CPU's chipset handles the most critical and fastest comm., such as the CPU, RAM, and PCIe |
southbridge | one of two chips that make up the CPU's chipset handles less critical components, such as the PCI, front panel, storage drives, etc. |
firmware | basic or low-level software used for managing & controlling hardware components set of system and component instructions seen as a hybrid between software & hardware |
BIOS | Basic Input/Output System system firmware - set of instructions responsible for POST stored on ROM chip on motherboard 32-bit program |
UEFI | Unified Extensible Firmware Interface performs same purpose as BIOS 64-bit program lays on top of BIOS and adds features like secure boot and the GUID partition table (GPT) |
TPM | Trusted Platform Module chip on motherboard that adds security functions on a hardware level supports full disk encryption on OSs that have the functionality |
HSM | Hardware Security Module physical computing device that provides tamper-evident & intrusion-resistant safeguarding and management of all digital keys and other secrets, as well as crypto-processing |
PCI | Peripheral Component Interconnect type of expansion bus used to connect peripherals, or internal components to the motherboard, through expansion slots |
PCIe | PCI Express upgrade for PCI, faster and has the ability to use lanes |
M.2 standard | a standard that defines the interface and connector used for internally attached expansion cards and SSDs commonly 2 - amongst PCIe slots and near SATA connectors smaller form factor to an SSD, and faster |
SATA cable Serial Advanced Technology Attachment internally connect storage drives upgrade for PATA & SCSI pins: data - 7 (SD to motherboard) power - 15 (PSU to SD) | |
Molex cable (PATA) power cable (PSU to HDDs & optical drives) -some connect to motherboard for power, such as chassis fans pins: commonly 4, but has 6 & 8 too | |
SCSI ("scuzzy") cable Small Computer System Interface connects many types of peripheral devices can support up to 16 devices, can be used as an expansion card | |
DE-9 (D - shape, E - size, 9 - # of pins) connect computer to console configurable devices, like routers & switches mostly been replaced by USB or Ethernet cables | |
IEEE 1394 or FireWire data and power serial bus interface used similarly to USB, Thunderbolt, and Lightning | |
VGA cable Video Graphics Array analog graphics standard 15-pins legacy | |
HDMI cable High-Definition Multimedia Interface pin size - 19-type A, 29-type B other form factors - C, D, E versions - 1.1, 1.2, 1.3, 1.4, 2.0, 2.1 successor to DVI | |
DP cable Display Port open-source competitor to HDMI greater data throughput/res. capability pin count - 20 versions - 1.2, 1.4 | |
DVI cable Digital Visual Interface analog & digital interface for output legacy to HDMI | |
RS-232 cable Recommended Standard DB-9 or DB-25 comm. between computers & terminal devices like a modem, router, or peripherals like a printer, mouse, or UPS | |
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