Computer hardware

Frage	Antworten
what does RAM stand for?	Random Access Memory
what does CPU stand for?	Central Processing Unit
what does BIOS stand for?	Basic Input/Output System
what name is given to memory that loses data when power is cut off?	volatile memory
what is the smallest unit of memory storage?	bit
what are the units of storage in order?	bit, nibble, byte, kilobyte, megabyte, gigabyte and terabyte
which type of RAM needs to be refreshed?	dynamic RAM
which type of RAM is quickest?	static RAM
which type of RAM is cheapest?	dynamic RAM
what name is given to a fast form of RAM used by the computer for quick access to data	cache
does RAM retain the data stored on it when power is cut off?	No. RAM is volatile which means that it requires power to retain data
what is the main function of RAM?	storing the data for the programs and files that you currently have open
what is the main function of ROM?	ROM is a special kind of memory which stores the instructions which the computer uses when it 'boots up' - the BIOS (basic input output system). It is non volatile
what is the purpose of virtual memory?	to avoid the computer/programs crashing when it runs out of RAM
how does virtual memory work?	virtual memory uses a section of the hard disk drive (HDD) as a temporary storage for data that is not currently being used. This avoids the computer crashing but means that when a user wants to access this data it can be slow to retrieve it
what is cache memory?	Cache is type of computer memory which can be accessed much faster than RAM. The CPU looks in the cache for the data it needs. If the data is there, it will retrieve it and process it. If the data is not there, then the CPU accesses the system memory and then puts a copy of the new data in the cache before processing it.
main memory is a term often used in place of what?	Random Access Memory (RAM)
give an example of a magnetic storage device	hard disk drive, magnetic tape
give an example of flash memory	flash drive, solid state drive, secure digital (SD) card
give an example of optical storage	compact disc (CD), digital versatile disc (DVD), blu ray disc
what does SSD stand for?	Solid State Drive
what is cloud storage?	cloud storage is a service offered by companies who will give/rent space for you to save data on their secure servers. This allows you to access your files from any device with an internet connection along with sharing data
what storage device would most likely be found in an e-reader, such as a Kindle?	SSD as it is light, small and robust. E-books do not take up a lot of space so only a small SSD is usually required
what type of storage device is most likely to be found in a desktop computer	HHD as they are cheap, reliable and have a large capacity
what does clock speed refer to?	the amount of instructions that a processor can carry out in one second
how many instructions could a computer with a 2GHz processor carry out in one second?	2 billion
when talking about secondary storage, what does the term 'capacity' refer to?	the amount of data that a storage device can hold
when talking about secondary storage, what does the terms 'read speed' and 'write speed' refer to?	the speed at which data can be transferred to the device and the speed at which it can be transferred from the device
what is meant by the term 'quad core CPU'?	it means that a computer has 4 processing chips
what would be the likely effects of adding more RAM to a computer?	it would likely increase the speed at which the computer runs and allow the user to carry out more tasks/have more programs open at once
what is the definition of an output device?	a device used to communicate the results of data processing by a computer, such as a monitor or printer
what is the definition of an input device?	a device used to enter data into a computer system such as a mouse or keyboard

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