Which Planet?

Frage	Antworten
Mercury	Planetologists believe this planet has a large iron core which shrank when the planet cooled, leaving behind long, steep cliff faces called scarps.
Mercury	The Caloris Basin is a large crater about ½ the radius of the planet. Planetologists found jumbled crust on the opposite side of the planet which they believe was caused by the object that created this basin.
Mercury	Dominated by impact craters, smooth volcanic plains, possible ice in deep craters
Mercury	2 NASA Missions Mariner 10- flyby (1970s) MESSENGER- orbiter (complete 2011) Now more than 99% mapped surface
Venus	3 large elevated “terra” or continents are on the surface of, which shows relatively few even-spaced crater impacts suggesting a recent planet-wide repavement in the last 750 million years.
Venus	This planet boasts the hottest surface temperature of all planets in our solar system.
Venus	It takes 243 Earth days for this planet to rotate once. This slow rotation is a primary reason why this planet does not have a global magnetic field.
Venus	Clouds are sulfur dioxide and droplets of sulfric acid. Rains acid, but it evaporates before hitting ground (called virga)
Venus	Many types of volcanoes: plains, cones, shield volcanoes, pancake domes, caldera, tick volcano
Venus	Major Missions: Soviet Venera program: first lander was Venera 7; NASA Mariner program flyby; Magellan: NASA mission that used radar to map up to 300 m resolution.
Venus	Just a little smaller and less massive than Earth; NO magnetic field, rotates backwards (retrograde), Sun rises west and sets east. Transits the Sun as viewed from Earth.
Venus	Atmosphere: mostly carbon dioxide and some nitrogen; runaway greenhouse effect causes temperature of 872 F, hottest surface temperature of all planets, super-rotation of atmosphere
Earth	Most refrigerator magnets have a magnetic field stronger than the this planets magnetic field which shields the planet from charged particles from the solar wind.
Earth	has Plate Tectonics
Earth	Mild greenhouse effect. Atmosphere is mostly Nitrogen, then Oxygen, Argon, Carbon Dioxide…
Earth	large stable bodies of liquid water; 7 continents, active geology
Earth	Solid inner iron core surrounded by liquid out core of iron, then mantle, thin crust.
Earth	aurora at poles caused by charged particles from the Sun getting caught in planets magnetic field and exciting the gasses in the atmosphere.
Mars	Shield volcano Olympus Mons is the tallest mountain in the solar system rising over 85,000 ft.
Mars	NASA’s Spirit and Opportunity rovers found solid evidence that liquid water once was abundant here.
Mars	Has been known to have dust storms so large the entire planet is engulfed.
Mars	Valles Marineris, Hellas Basin, and Frozen dry ice caps that migrate Subsurface water or permafrost in soil
Mars	Discovery: has been known since ancient times. Tuesday named after it.
Mars	Major Missions: most visited / studied planet other than Earth; Current NASA mission is Curiosity Rover
Mars	No global magnetic field, only a magnetism still “baked into” the rocks left; red surface is due to rust or iron oxidizing.
Mars	Moons: captured asteroids Phobos and Diemos
Jupiter	Has the largest and strongest magnetosphere of the planets, and aurora have been documented at the poles of the planet.
Jupiter	Has three cloud top layers: water, ammonium hydrosulfide and ammonia.
Jupiter	Major Surface Features: gas giant, no solid surface Belts and zones (banding) of cloud top layers Giant long term circular storms (Giant Red Spot- size of Earth!))
Jupiter	Dark carbon rings that “forward scatter” light.
Jupiter	Moons: 67 confirmed moons. 4 Galilean moons discovered by Galileo in 1610: Io, Europa, Ganymede, Callisto
Jupiter	Discovery: has been known since ancient times. Thursday named after it.
Jupiter	More than 2x’s the mass of all other planets combined.
Jupiter	Humans witnessed Comet Shoemaker Levy 9 impact this planet in July 1994 which was the first ever direct observation of a collision between Solar System objects.
Saturn	This planet is the most oblate planet, meaning that the equatorial region bulges outward—looking like it is squashed at the poles.
Saturn	Its rings were first seen by Galileo who described them as “ears” or possibly moons on either side of the planet.
Saturn	The ring system is comprised of bits of highly reflective ice/rock chunks which have been broken up by this planets gravitational field.
Saturn	Rings have gaps due to resonance with this planet and its many moons.
Saturn	Hexagonal storm system at pole.
Saturn	Major Surface Features:  gas giant, no solid surface Generally bland atmosphere, banding is deeper in than Jupiter Polar aurorae do exist due to magnetic field Lightning on planet 1,000 x’s stronger than on Earth
Saturn	Moons: 62 moons, 53 are named; hundreds of moonlets in the rings.
Saturn	Discovery: has been known since ancient times. Saturday named after it.
Saturn	Missions: Pioneer flyby 1979 Voyager 1 in 1980 Voyager 2 in 1981 Cassini-Huygens in 2004
Sarturn	Other Interesting Facts: Density less than water! Easily visible to naked eye. Tilt of rings changes to Earth observers
Uranus	First planet discovered by humans with the aid of a telescope – Sir William Herschel in Bath, England in his garden on March 13, 1781
Uranus	This planet has extreme 20 year long seasons due to the fact that its axis of rotation is tipped roughly 97° , parallel to the ecliptic (plane of solar system).
Uranus	Methane in the atmosphere of this planet absorbs red light from the Sun and reflects blue light. Additional smog-like scatter makes it appear greener than Neptune.
Uranus	Major Surface Features: Ice giant (failed gas giant?) No solid surface No storms visible Very bland surface layer Contains much more ices than Jupiter/Saturn Ices are water, ammonia, methane, ethane (not
Uranus	Moons: 27 known moons Named for charcters in Shakespeare and Alexander Pope
Uranus	Missions: Voyager 2 in 1986 flyby
Uranus	Known as planet “George” or “George’s Star”
Uranus	84 year orbital period
Uranus	Planet was knocked over on its side
Uranus	Rings discovered during an occultation of a star Aurorae seen at poles
Neptune	First planet to be “found” mathematically first, then found observationally with a telescope by Johann Gottfried Galle in 1846.
Neptune	Known for the fastest winds in the solar system, wind speeds can reach up to 700 miles/hour.
Neptune	Planets arc ring system was discovered by Voyager spacecraft in 1989.
Neptune	Major Surface Features: Ice giant (failed gas giant?) Bluer in appearance than Uranus Dark and white storms visible on top layer of atmosphere
Neptune	Missions: Voyager 2 flyby
Neptune	Moons: 13 known moons (1 more awaiting official confirmation) Top 3 largest: Triton, Proteus, Nereid
Neptune	Cannot be seen with the unaided eye. (must use telescope)
Neptune	6 rings
Neptune	165 years to orbit the Sun
Pluto	Major Surface Features: Remarkably varied surface, changes in brightness Surface seems to be mostly nitrogen ice with traces Made of rock and ice
Pluto	Moons: 5 known moons Charon is largest, and is so large it is often called a double-object with this planet
Pluto	Discovery: discovered by Kansas farm boy Clyde Tombaugh at Lowell Observatory in 1930
Pluto	Missions: New Horizons mission will flyby in 2015!
Pluto	In 2006, deemed a dwarf planet because it has not cleared its orbit of debris
Pluto	2nd most massive dwarf planet
Pluto	Orbit is highly inclined off the ecliptic=17 degrees! 247 years to go around Sun once!

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	Erstellt von Amanda Chaiet vor fast 8 Jahre