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SALTATION dry sand bounced in wind behind beach |
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seaweed_obstacle (image/jpg)
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OBSTACLES- small objects e.g. seaweed, stick that sand can start to collect around |
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PIONEERS- can colonise in harsh conditions e.g. prickly saltwort |
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EMBRYO DUNES- dunes begin to form with grasses like sea couch and eventually marram, stabalised surface as grow upwards from wind blown sand |
| ADAPTATIONS- pioneers that can survive here have features e.g. prickly saltwort- thorn-like leaves, conserving water and reducing transpiration, e.g. marram- robust and spreads vigorously through underground shoots | |
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organic (image/jpg)
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ORGANIC- plant growth increases organic matter aiding water retention |
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foredunes (image/jpg)
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FOREDUNES- initially yellow, plants add humus (e.g. marram), up to 20m high, beyond reach of sea |
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FIXED DUNES- grey due to organic layer, species like red fescue grass |
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DUNE SLACKS- water table on/near surface, moist areas, reeds and mosses form |
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dune_heath (image/jpg)
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DUNE HEATH- sand supply cut off, less dune features, species like heather and gorse |
| CLIMATIC CLIMAX- turns into British woodland- pine, birch and oak | |
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PLAGIO-CLIMAX- climax stopped due to human intervention e.g. conifer plantations |
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BLOWOUTS- wind has funneled through and removed sand at certain points |
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