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| A2 edexcel English Literature War poets contextual background information. | List of poets in the War genre: Wilfred Owen W H Auden Hayden Carruth Seamus Heaney Keith Douglas Siegfried Sassoon Geoffrey Chaucer Isaac Rosenberg Denise Levertov James Fenton E St Vincent Millay Elizabeth Bishop Ted Hughes Dylan Thomas Clarence Major Dorothy Parker Edwin Muir Wilfred Owen Ken Smith Harold Pinter Alison Fell S T Coleridge W B Yeats Molly Holden Thomas Hardy Emily Dickinson Edward Thomas Siegfried Sassoon Yusef Komunyakaa Philip Larkin W H Auden Isaac Rosenberg |
| Wilfred Owen | (1893-1918) English poet and soldier, wrote realistically about the First World War and was heavily influenced by Siegfried Sassoon whom he met at Craiglockhart War Hospital as he suffered from shell shock. His poetry was contrary to the public perception of war at the time. He was shot a week before the war ended. |
| W.H. Auden | (1907-1973) He was an English poet who later gained American citizenship. He moved to America in 1939 at the outbreak of WWII. His work is noted for variety of tone, form and content. Central themes of poems= love, politics and citizenship, religion, humans and the natural world. |
| Hayden Carruth | (1921-2008) American poet and literary critic. Influenced by Jazz and the blues. Much of his poems are about rural poverty and involve many linguistic devices. He was involved in World War II. |
| Seamus Heaney | (1939-2013) Irish poet, playwright, translator and lecturer. Much of his work deals with settings of Northern Ireland, near where he was born. |
| Keith Douglas | (1920-1944) English poet noted for war poetry in WWII, he was killed in action in Normandy. Puts emotional burden on the reader, poetry focuses on external impressions rather than internal emotions. |
| Siegfried Sassoon | (1886-1967) British poet who wrote during the war, was a very brave soldier. He cleared out a trench of 60 Germans by himself just using grenades. Influenced by Wilfred Owen in Craiglockhart hospital who shared ideas and poems. He was also influenced by Thomas Hardy. |
| Geoffrey Chaucer | (1343-1400) Wrote poetry in the middle ages, considered the Greatest English poet of his time. First poet to be buried in Poet’s corner of Westminster Abbey. |
| Isaac Rosenberg | (1890-1918) English poet who moved to South Africa in 1914 to cure himself, wrote poem against war retrospectively called ‘On Receiving News of the War’. Returned to England in 1915 where he enlisted in British Army and got killed on night patrol. |
| Denise Levertov | (1923-1997) English born, served as a nurse during WW2, later moved to America and gained citizenship there. She was influenced by T.S. Eliot who she sent poems to at age 12, he sent back encouragement. Influenced by Black mountain poets which promoted left-wing, anti-war views. Poetry reflects anti-war, but never went to Vietnam herself. |
| James Fenton | (1949-present) English poet, journalist and war columnist with left-wing views. Influenced by W.H. Auden, visited war zones to report on them. In his poem he provides a western view of the Cambodian war. |
| Edna St Vincent Millay | (1892-1950) American lyrical poet, playwright and feminist, campaigned against USA involvement in WWI yet wrote patriotic propaganda poems in WWII, wrote retrospectively. |
| Elizabeth Bishop | (1911-1979) American poet who was influenced by Marianne Moore who wrote poetry with irony and wit, like this poem. Her poem mimics Anthony Trollope’s style (Victorian English Journalist). |
| Ted Hughes | (1930-1998) English poet and child writer. Methodist Christian, much of early work is rooted in nature and savagery of animals. Wrote about war retrospectively. |
| Dylan Thomas | (1914-1953) Welsh poet who was influential in the UK and US during his lifetime. He didn’t take part in the war due to ill health but many of his friends went which worsened his alcoholism. |
| Clarence Major | (1936-present) American poet, painter and novelist. Grew up during WW2, Southern African-American born which was an influence on his writing. Themes of violence and racial violence against blacks. He did not fight in the Vietnam War. However he was in the U.S. air force 1955-57. |
| Dorothy Parker | (1893-1967) Feminist, American poet best known for wit. Wrote about the war involving Odysseus, the Trojan War, shows woman perspective on war. |
| Edwin Muir | (1887-1959) was a poet and novelist born on the Orkney islands remembered for vivid poetry in plain language and few stylistic devices. Had a depressing time as young man as father, two brothers and mother died within a few years of each other. |
| Ken Smith | (1938-2003) British poet who moved to America, he served in the RAF from 1958-60 he wrote about the Bosnian war retrospectively. |
| Harold Pinter | (1930-2008) English poet and playwright who wrote against war and wrote retrospectively on the Gulf War. He never had any military experience and consistently wrote against many wars. |
| Alison Fell | (1944-present) Scottish poet and novelist who wrote about nuclear war. She was a feminist and her poem includes use of the senses and imagery of natural world. |
| Samuel Taylor Coleridge | (1772-1834) English poet and lit critic who founded the romantic movement of poetry in England. He was anti-war in poem uses ironic and satirical tone. Claims war is appealing yet is appalled by the spread of it. |
| W.B. Yeats | (1865-1939) Irish poet, in poem he portrays the attitude of WWI, that it was a distraction to daily life. |
| Molly Holden | (1927-1981) English poet, writing about WWII creating pathos, anti-war in its sadness. |
| Thomas Hardy | (1840-1928) English novelist and poet influenced by romanticism and William Wordsworth. He wrote on WWI and influenced poets like Sassoon. He was a Christian and religion can be seen in his poem. |
| Emily Dickinson | (1830-1886) Wrote about the American civil war. Her writing was unique for the time period she wrote in; they contain short lines, typically lack titles, and often use slant rhyme as well as unconventional capitalization and punctuation. |
| Edward Thomas | (1878-1917) Participated in WWI but could’ve avoided signing up, he survived the actual battle but got killed by the concussive blast of one of the last shells fired as he stood to light his pipe. |
| Yusef Komunyakaa | (1947-present) American poet who grew up during the African-American civil rights movement (55-68). Fought in the Vietnam war which influenced writing. |
| Phillip Larkin | (1922-1985) English poet who tried to fight in the Second World War but failed due to poor eyesight and later became a librarian after getting a degree during the war. Influenced by W. H. Auden, W. B. Yeats, and Thomas Hardy, his poems are highly structured but flexible verse forms. |
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