10596350
Description
Flashcards by Alex Ertmer, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Alex Ertmer
almost 7 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| A quality radiographic image accurately represents the: | Anatomic area of interest |
| The _____ of the anatomic structures & the ______ of their structural lines recorded determine the overall ______ of the radiographic image. | Visibility Accuracy Quality |
| Visibility of the recorded detail refers to the _____ & _____ of the image. | Brightness Contrast |
| Amount of luminance (light emission) of a display monitor. | Brightness |
| Amount of overall blackness on the processed image. | Density |
| Another term for brightness. | Density |
| The primary factor that affects the amount of brightness/density produced in an image is the amount or quantity of radiation (_____) reaching the IR. | mAs |
| ____ ____ has more of an effect on the brightness of the image rather than mAs. | Computer Processing |
| A lack of contrast makes an object appear: | Homogenous |
| Differences in the brightness levels or densities. | Contrast |
| The range of brightness levels is a result of the _____ differential attenuation of the x-ray photons. | Tissues' |
| What tells you that you used the correct technique factors that the IR received? | Exposure Indicator |
| The four MAJOR things to evaluate for a properly exposed radiograph is: | Detail Distortion Contrast Density |
| Sets the midpoint of the range of densities visible in the image. | Window Level |
| Moving the window down down to a low pixel value (Decreases/Increases) ______ the brightness on the display monitor. | Decreases |
| Moving the window level up to a high pixel value (Decreases/Increases) ______ overall brightness on the display monitor. | Increases |
| ______ controls the radiographic contrast. | Window Width |
| A narrow window width means: | Lower Contrast |
| A wider window width means: | Higher Contrast |
| The product of mAs is: | mA & Time |
| Directly proportional to the amount (quantity) of radiation. | Milliamperage (mA) |
| Directly proportional to radiation quantity. | Exposure time (Time) |
| mA X Time = | mAs |
| As mAs is increased, the quantity of radiation reaching the IR is (Increased/Decreased) _______. | Increased |
| As mAs is decreased, quantity of radiation reaching the IR is (Increased/Decreased) ______. | Decreased |
| A visible change in density requires a minimum amount of change in mAs be ______. | 30% |
| mA & time have an inverse proportional relationship when _____ the same mAs. | Maintaining |
| Doubling or halving your mAs means you're: | Doubling or halving your density. |
| This alters the amount & penetrating ability of the x-ray beam. | Kilovoltage |
| Increasing or decreasing the ____ changes the amount of radiation exposure to the IR, and the contrast produced within the image. | kVp |
| A change of 15% in kVp will cause a doubling or halving of the density on the radiograph. (The same way doubling/halving the mAs affects on image) | 15% Rule |
| Quantum Noise/Mottle occurs because of: | Low mAs |
| Over exposure to the patient occurs because of: | High mAs |
| When increasing the kVp by 15%, you need to decrease the mAs by ____. | Half |
| When decrease the kVp by 15%, you need to increase the mAs by ____. | Double |
| Maintaining the density by applying by the ___ Rule. | 15% Rule |
| The controlling factor of contrast. | kVp |
| An increase in ____ causes a difference in the X-ray tube because it's causing more energy photons. | kVp |
| When an anatomic structure shows up too white, you need to _____ kVp because to much was absorbed & NOT reaching the IR. | Increase kVp |
| What are the technical factors affecting density? | kVp mAs |
| What are the geometric factors affecting density? | SID FSS Anode Heel Effect |
| What materialistic factors affect density? | Filtration Beam Restriction Grids |
| Distance or SID will alter the _____ of the x-ray beam reaching the IR according to the inverse square law. | Intensity |
| Increased kVp yields increased _____. | Scatter Radiation |
| SID or Distance affects the amount of radiation reaching the _____ & _____. | Patient & IR |
| As the distance increases, the same amount of radiation will spread over an area that is created than the original, decreasing the beam's ______. | Intensity |
| X-ray photons diverge as they travel _____ from the source. | Away |
| If the distance is (Longer/Shorter) ______, the photons of not diverge as much & are then concentrated on a smaller area. | Shorter |
| The intensity of the x-ray beam is _____ proportional to the square of the distance from the source. | Inversely |
| Increase distance (SID), ______ (Increase/Decrease) the intensity of the beam, which (Increases/Decreases) _____ the density on the image. | Decreases & Decreases |
| The intensity of the x-ray beam is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source. | Inverse Square Law |
| A (Smaller/Larger) _______ focal spot will utilize greater incident electron stream vs. (Small/Large) _______ focal spot. | Larger/Small |
| ______ Only affects density when unit not calibrated correctly. | Focal Spot Size |
| _______ Involves the intensity of radiation within the x-ray beam & the effect that this would have on the density on the image. | Anode Heel Effect |
| Anode Heel Effect depends on: | -SID -Field Size -Part -Angle of Anode |
| Anode Heel Effect is more pronounced: | -Collimation is wide open -With a large IR -With shorter SID -Steeper Anode Angle |
| You should only repeat an image technique wise if you need to make a ______ change. | 50% Change |
| Two #'s to remember mAs with when changing techniques. | -30% -Double/Half |
| Photons are created at the ______. | Focal Spot |
| The smaller the focal spot, the better the _____. | Detail |
| The bigger the focal spot, the worse the ______. | Detail |
| Manufacturers automatically control the ______ of radiation that the focal spots cam produce. | Quantity |
| Focal Spot routinely affects density? (TRUE/FALSE) | False |
| The Anode side of the tube, the beam is (More/Less) _______ intense. On the Cathode side of the tube, the beam is (More/Less) ______. | -Less -More |
| Beam intensity is measure in ______ | Roegtan or milliroegtan |
| ______ of the beam is not uniform throughout all parts of the beam. | Intensity |
| The variation in beam intensity is greater at a ______. | Shorter SID |
| Variation of intensity can be as much as ______% change between anode & cathode sides. **Can be more pronounced with steeper angle** | 45% |
| The anode should be placed at the _____ of the bed. | Head end of the table |
| ______ body part should be towards the cathode. | Thickest |
| ______ part if the body should be towards the anode side of the table. | Thinner |
| The intensity of the beam is greater at the _______ side of the X-ray tube. | Cathode |
| Have a proper placement of the part means a more uniform density along the ______ ______ of the image. | Long Axis |
| Beam is weaker on the anode side of the tube than on the cathode side (Put anode side of tube by thinnest body part in the beam). | Anode Heel Effect |
| ______ affects x-ray quantity. **Results in higher beam quality** | Filtration |
| Even though filters reduce the intensity of the primary beam, they do NOT reduce the intensity of the ____ ____ reaching the IR. | Remnant Beam |
| Radiographic density will (Increase/Decrease) ______ whenever filtration is added. | Decrease |
| Beam restrictors includes: | -Collimation -Aperture Diaphragms -Cones/Cylinders |
| Reducing field size will ______ density. (Increase/Decrease) | Decrease |
| Why does reducing the field size decrease density? | Because it will decrease unwanted scatter. |
| The purpose of a grid is to remove: | Scatter before it reaches the IR. |
| The higher the grid ratio, the (More/Less) _____ for density. | Less |
| Adding, removing, or changing grids require an adjustment in _____ to maintain radiation exposure to the IR. | mAs |
| The amount of the beam that is absorbed by the patient depends on: | -Thickness of part -Type of tissue (Atomic #) -Contrast Material -Pathology |
| Thickness of body part can be altered by: | -Patient's Age -Pathology -Body Habitus -Body Development (PEDS/GER/ADULT) -Cast Materials -Tube Angulation |
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