The kidneys

Question	Answer
The nephron	This is a structure which runs between the cortex and the medulla of the kidneys.
The cortex	The outside of the kidneys
The medulla	The inside of the kidneys
The renal artery	The tube that blood enters the nephron through.
The afferent arteriole	A tube which allows blood to flow into the glomerulus.
The glomerulus	A bundle of capillaries through which ultrafiltration occurs.
The bowman's capsule	A tubule where the glomerular filrate flows into.
Capillary endothelium	The membrane of the capillary and it allows amino acids and other small substances through it.
The basement membrane	The second layer of membrane between the capillary and the Bowman's capsule. Prevents amino acids from entering.
The epithelium of Bowman's capsule	The final layer of the passage and only allows glomerular filtrate through
The efferent arteriole	Allows blood to flow through from the glomerulus. It is thin increasing glomerular pressure so ultrafiltraion can occur.
Proximal convoluted tubule (PCT)	A tube where selective reabsorption can occur. It allows the filtrate to travel to the loop of Henle.
The descending limb	A tube of the loop of Henle which has walls permeable to water so water an move out by osmosis.
The loop of henle	This a long tube where water water reabsorption occurs
The ascending limb	This is the leaving tube of the loop of henle which has walls permeable to Na+ so these ions can move out by facilitated diffusion.
The distal convoluted tubule	Water also moves out of this tubule.
The collecting duct	This is a tube which collects urine and alloww it to flow to the ureter
The ureter	This is a tube which carries the urine to the bladder
The bladder	The site of urine storage
The urethra	A tube which carries urine to the outside of the body

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	Created by Jumael Zafar over 6 years ago