Senses

Description

Flashcards on Senses, created by Theo Yip on 12/05/2018.
Theo Yip
Flashcards by Theo Yip, updated more than 1 year ago
Theo Yip
Created by Theo Yip over 6 years ago
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Resource summary

Question Answer
Sight a) sensory organ b) function c) receptor cells a) eyes b) detect food / predators, time of day and position within environment c) photoreceptor cells (two types of eye: simple + compound)
Taste a) sensory organ b) function c) receptor cells a) tongue - dissolved chemicals (Salty / sour / bitter / sweet / umami > savoury) b) palatability of food / toxins c) taste buds, upper surface of tongue, epiglottis and soft palate
Hearing a) sensory organ b) function a) ears - sound waves b) detect prey / predators, communicate with conspecifics
Smell a) sensory organ b) function c) receptor cells a) vomeronasal organ - airborne chemicals b) detect pheromones, palatability of food, prey / predators c) mucous membrane lining nasal cavities
Touch a) sensory organ b) function c) receptor cells a) skin - physical contact b) interact w/ environment, social bonding c) dermis, tiny nerve endings (heat, cold, pain, pressure)
Schlera Tough fibrous outer coating, transparent cornea = light in, thin protective epithelium layer
Uvea pigmented middle layer
Iris pigment cells, smooth muscle fibres, diff. light intensity > constrict / dilate pupil
Pupil allow light > lens, characteristic shape (cats = vertical slits, dogs round)
Retina innermost layer containing photoreceptor cells, rods = black / white vision, cones = colour vision
How does the retina function? light focused on retina by lens > stimulates photoreceptors > nerve impulses transmit via optic nerve > brain (at exit of optic nerve is optic disc, no receptors = blind spot)
Anterior, posterior and vitreous chambers fluids maintain shape of eye + provide nutrients to structure
Tapetum lucidum thick reflective membrane in cat / dog eyes lying beneath the retina collecting and re-emitting light back to the retina a 2nd time, giving rods another chance to absorb the image info
Eyelids keep cornea clean, moist and supple via secretions from lacrimal gland (tears)
Other senses? (6) Infrasound, echolocation / ultrasound, electrical, magnetic, vibrations
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