1459988
Description
Flashcards by rob.nash1984, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by rob.nash1984
about 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Fitt's and Posner's 3 Stage Model of Skill Learning | 1. Cognitive Stage 2. Associative Stage 3. Autonomous Stage |
| 1. Cognitive Stage (Fitts & Posner) | High cognitive activity; Trying to understand activity; Dealing with instruction and feedback |
| 2. Associative Stage (Fitts & Posner) | Begins to refine motor skills; Associates environmental cues to movements; Can detect and correct errors |
| 3. Autonomous Stage (Fitts & Posner) | Skill is almost automatic; Cognitive activity reduced; Consistant performance; Error detection improved |
| Gentile's 2 Stage Model of Learning (Closed Skill) | Understanding skill; differentiation between regulatory/non-reg conditions; basic movement pattern V Fixation; Refinement of movement |
| Gentile's 2 Stage Model of Learning (Open Skill) | 1. Understanding skill; differentiation between regulatory/non-reg conditions; basic movement pattern V 2. Diversification; Adapting basic movement pattern |
| Changes that occur when a skill is learnt | 1. Diminishing improvement; 2. Movement coordination; 3. Movement pattern; 4. Efficient muscle & energy use; 5. Visual selective attention; 6. Error detection & correction; 7. Expertise |
| Transfer of Learning | Transfer of a learnt skill to another situation or skill |
| Positive Transfer of Learning | Previous experience improves performance of another skill |
| Negative Transfer of Learning | Previous experience hiders performance of a skill Eg - Driving on the right side of the road |
| Zero Transfer of Learning | Previous experience has no effect on new skill Eg - Using a phone and drinking water |
| Near (Generalised) Transfer of Learning | Overlap between situations, original and transfer contexts are similar. |
| Far Transfer of Learning | Little overlap between situations, original and transfer settings are dissimilar. |
| Identical Elements Theory (Thorndike) | The number of identical elements between two skills determines amount and direction of transfer |
| Transfer Appropriate Processing Theory (Lee) | Transfer occurs when cognitive processes are similar. |
| Bilateral Transfer | Transfer of a skill occurs from either limb to the other |
| Asymmetric Transfer | When more transfer occurs from one limb than from another limb |
| Symmetric Transfer | When transfer occurs equally well regardless of which limb it is |
| Bilateral Transfer - Cognitive Learning Explanation | Cognitive information is transferred; Knowing what to do |
| Bilateral Transfer - Motor Program Explanatiion | 1. Generalised Motor Program - The learner can use the same for both limbs. 2. Dynamic Pattern Theory - The pattern learned is not limb specific. |
| Spillover Effect | Transmission of neural activity spills over to the contralateral side via the corpus collosum |
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