1948008
Description
Flashcards by megan8kelly, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by megan8kelly
almost 10 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| What are the 3 parts of an atom? | proton, neutron, electron |
| What does the atomic number represent? | the number of protons an atom has |
| # of protons = ? | # of electrons |
| what is an isotope? | a form of an atom that has a varying number of neutrons |
| what is an ion? | an atom with a net electrical charge (either positive or negative) due to the loss or gain of an electron/s |
| ? + ? = atomic mass | weight of protons, weight of neutrons |
| atomic mass is the ? of different isotopes | average mass |
| what is atomic mass measured in? | atomic mass units (amu) |
| proton (charge, mass, location) | positive , 1 atomic mass unit , nucleus |
| neutron (charge, mass, location) | no charge , 1 atomic mass unit , nucleus |
| electron (charge, mass, location) | negative , nothing , energy level / electron cloud |
| ? - ? = # of neutrons | atomic mass , atomic # |
| how many electrons can each energy level / orbital hold? | first = 2 second = 8 third = 8 |
| what would make an element stable? | all *used* energy levels are full |
| what is ionic bonding? | when electrons are either donated and / or received |
| what are valence electrons? | the electrons in the outermost energy level |
| what is an atoms' valence? | # of electrons in outermost energy level |
| if Lithium and Chlorine ionically bond, who is more likely to donate its electrons? (Li has a valence of 1 and Cl a valence of 7) | Lithium because it uses less energy to give or receive 1 electron as opposed to 7 |
| what is covalent bonding? | bonding in the form of sharing electrons |
| is the element described on the periodic table an isotope of that element? | no |
| what was Democritus' theory? | eventually the smallest piece of matter could be obtained + he named it atomos ("not to be cut") + looked like a billiard ball + "small, hard particles" + shaped and sized differently + made of same material + were infinite + were always moving and were able to join together |
| what did Democritus get wrong? what did he get right? | wrong: looked like a billiard ball + were infinite right: smallest piece of matter could be obtained + these were small particles that were shaped and sized differently + were always moving + were able to join together + made of same material |
| what did Plato and Aristotle theorize? were they even slightly correct? | that matter was divided into four elements: earth, fire, air, and water no, but people believed them |
| what was Dalton's theory? did he get anything wrong? | deduced all elements were made of atoms + that atoms of the same elements were exactly alike + that compounds are formed by joining the atoms of different elements together he missed a lot + but technically no |
| what did J. J. Thompson theorize? | "plum pudding" model: positively charged substance with negatively charged electrons scattered about inside + also said that atom must have positively charged particles + atom was divisible |
| what did J. J. Thompson get wrong? what did he get right? | wrong: that atoms were like plum pudding right: atom is made of smaller particles (positively/negatively charged) now called electrons and protons + atom is divisible |
| what did Earnest Rutherford discover? | the proton + open space + neutron |
| how did Rutherford discover open space + the proton + the neutron? what did he conclude from this experiment? | the gold foil experiment: shot particles at gold sheet and found that most went through but some bounced back / away concluded: atoms were mostly OPEN SPACE + had small, dense, positively charged center "nucleus" + plum pudding model but with electrons around it |
| did Rutherford get anything wrong? | that the nucleus was positively charged |
| what was the Bhor model? what was right? what was wrong? | Bhor model: electrons travel in energy levels + definite orbits located a certain distance from nucleus wrong: don't move in orbit at any particular distance |
| what differs the wave model? | based on wave mechanics + uses a mathematical function to display likeliness of electron being in certain area around an nucleus + flinging depends on Kinetic Energy |
| what does the staircase on the periodic table divide? | metals on the left and nonmetals on the right |
| what do the "groups" on the periodic table indicate? where are they located? | location: on top indication: each column has that particular # of valence electrons |
| what do the numbers on the side of the table indicate? | that the elements in that row have that particular # of orbitals |
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