20662952
Description
Flashcards by Jacob Sipple, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Jacob Sipple
almost 5 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Sefan Boltzman Equation | W/m^2 = sigma x T^4(temp in Kelvin) |
| temperature for all energy models 1-4 | -242C if no sun 5C if no greenhouse gases no GHG and reflection = -18C/0F GHG and reflection = 15C |
| Energy balance model 1 | no sun: earth's surface 32K |
| RCP | Representative Concentration pathways RCP2.6(low emission) scenario RCP8.5(high emission) scenario |
| Energy balance model 2 | no albedo, no GHG: 5C |
| Energy balance model 3 | albedo, no GHG: -18C/-.4F |
| Energy balance model 4 | adds GHG from 3: 30C |
| steps to develop climate model | 1. develop equations 2. solve equations on comp by grid segments(latitude and longitude) 3. build and implement conceptual models 4. compare predictions to observations 5. adjust components to bring closer to observations |
| FAR, SAR, TAR, and AR4 | FAR(First assessment report) SAR(Second assessment report) TAR(Third assessment report) AR4(forth assessment repo |
| Atmospheric-OceanGeneral Circulation models | study dynamics of atmospheric ocean, land, and sea ice on climate. older used when biogeochemical feedbacks not critical |
| Earth System models | used to study different biogeochemical cyles(i.e. carbon, sulfur, and ozone cycle) most state of the art |
| Earth System Models of Intermediate Complexity | simplified version of Earth System models used to understand climate feedback over time(scale 1000s of years) |
| CMIP5(Climate Model Intercomparison Project) | over 100 climate models. modeling groups run same experiment with their models and compare results |
| multimodel ensemble | using many different models to estimate forecast, specifically used a lot with hurricanes, which is why there are predictions of different ways the hurricane might go |
| examples of CMIP5 experiments | past 1.5 centuries quadruple CO2 abruptly preindustrial conditions hindsight without an event decadal forecast with a climate changing event in a year |
| natural inputs | volcanoes and sun |
| anthropogenic inputs | greenhouse gases and aerosols |
| processing producing variability | solar(sunspots), volcanoes, el nino, greenhouse gases |
| Socio-Economic scenarios | (SRES, SRES A2, A1B, B1) emissions due to socio-economic development, energy production and use, technology, forestry, agriculture, and land use |
| any RCP models predict drop in temperatures by 2100? | RCP2.6 |
| predicted concentrations of CO2 depending on RCP in 2100 | RCP8.5: 1000 RCP6: ~600 RCP4.5: ~520 RCP2.6: ~400 |
| where would temperature changes be more extreme | towards the poles |
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