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| Question | Answer |
| Compare and contrast the policies of the HBC and NWC | HBC: "stay by the bay", managed from Europe, didn't trade alcohol or guns, discouraged relationship with first nation, only directors shared in profits NWC: managed from Montreal, open to trading guns/alcohol, everybody shared in profits, trading post all throughout Canada, encouraged relationships with first nations |
| Who were the Metis and briefly describe key elements of their culture | People of aboriginal/french decent, happened through relationships with traders and first nation woman. bonded over bison hunt, it provided furs and food. Pemmican trade was a vital part of their income. settled in the red river valley "work for work sake" (there is value in hard work) |
| Why did Selkirk establish a community in the Red River Valley? | he felt he could help both tenant farmers and HBC by creating a farming community |
| What was the purpose of the pemmican proclamation? | Miles Mcdonald was worried that crops would fail a second year so he issued the pemmican proclamation |
| why did the HBC and NWC merge and what was the structure of the new company? | The British government feared loss of control of the northwest if both companies failed. NWC - 55 shares HBC - 45 shares |
| What changes did George Simpson make to the new HBC? | He reduced the number of trading posts/ employees and made York boats the main transportation |
| Why were tensions rising in the red river area during the 1860s? | New settlers increased racial tension, the Orange Order (anti french/catholic/metis) led by Christian Sholtz caused problems |
| Why did Riel create a provisional government? | provisional: temporary to help maintain order and to allow people of red river to negotiate an agreement for confederation |
| What was Macdonald's attitude towards the Metis and Riel? | Macdonald was extremely racist toward metis called them miserable half breads. Wanted to assimilate them |
| Why was the execution of Thomas Scott controversial? | He Threatened to kill Riel so his death was a problem he was viewed as a martyr, (killed by a firing squad) |
| When did Manitoba become a province and why? | 1870 because of Red River Rebellion |
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