34150931
Description
Flashcards by Miriam González Cano, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Miriam González Cano
over 2 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Adverbials vs. adverbs | Adverbials -> syntactical function in the clause Adverbs -> word class |
| Adverbials are realised by... | -Adverb phrase (yesterday) -Prepositional phrase (in a second) -Noun phrase (last week) -Finite clause (when you called me) -Non-finite clause (I am dying to see her) |
| Functions of adverbials: | -Tell circumstances -Express speaker's feelings -Link clauses |
| Semantic classification of adverbials: | -Space -Time -Process -Contingency -Modality -Degree |
| Space adverbials: | Position Direction Distance |
| Time adverbials: | Position Duration Frequency |
| Process adverbials: | Manner Means Instrument |
| Contingency adverbials: | Cause Reason Purpose Result Condition Concession |
| Modality adverbials: | Emphasis Approximation Restriction |
| Degree adverbials: | Amplification Diminution Measure |
| Grammatical classification of adverbials: | -Adjuncts -Disjuncts -Conjuncts |
| Adjuncts are... | part of the basic structure of the clause, and they modify the verb: She did it quite well. |
| Disjuncts occur... | outside the clause structure, are used to evaluate the content of the sentence or clause: Disappointedly, she didn’t pass |
| Conjuncts are... | also outside the clause structure and connect ideas in sentences: However, she didn’t pass. |
| Classification of ADVERBS: | -Time, duration & frequency -Place & position -Manner -Degree -Focusing -Evaluative -Linking |
| Adverbials of manner... | express how an action, experience, process or event is carried out |
| Adverbials of manner may be realised by... | -Adverb phrase -Prepositional phrase -Subordinate clause |
| Semantic classification of adverbs of manner: | -To describe how sth is done -To describe feelings in doing sth -To indicate circumstances |
| Prepositions of manner: | IN AT LIKE WITH |
| Subordinate clauses of manner: | EXACTLY/JUST AS COMPARISON THE WAY AS THOUGH/AS IF |
| Means refer to... | how a procedure is carried out |
| Adverbials of means may be realised by... | -Prepositional phrase -Adverb phrase |
| Prepositions of means: | BY WITHOUT |
| Example of adverb phrase of means: | surgically (=by means of surgery) |
| Instrument refers to... | the tool which an agent employs |
| Adverbials of instrument may be realised by... | -Prepositional phrase -Adverb phrase |
| Prepositions of instrument: | WITH WITHOUT THROUGH VIA AS |
| Example of adverb phrase of instrument: | microscopically (=with a microscope) |
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