35469736
Description
Flashcards by Nonto Ncube, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Nonto Ncube
almost 3 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| DNA Replication | the process through which DNA makes an identical copy of itself. This occurs during interphase of the cell cycle in the nucleus. |
| Steps of protein synthesis | 1.The DNA double helix unwinds 2.The weak hydrogen bonds between the nitrogenous bases are broken. The DNA strands separate (they unzip) 3.Each original DNA strand serves as a template on which its complement is built. 4. Free nucleotides build a DNA strand onto each of the original DNA strands, attaching their complementary nitrogenous bases. 5.This results in two identical DNA molecules. Each molecule consists of one original strand and one new strand |
| What happens when there are errors in DNA replication? | - lead to mutations (a change in the nitrogenous base sequence) -If the incorrect nitrogen base attaches to the original strand and a nitrogen base is added or deleted … to the sequence or order of the bases changes on the new DNA molecule … resulting in a change in the gene structure |
| DNA Profile | A DNA profile is a pattern produced on X-ray film. This pattern consists of lines which are of different lengths and thicknesses and in different positions |
| What are DNA profiles used for? | - identify crime suspects in forensic investigations -prove paternity (father) and maternity (mother) (biological parents) -determine the probability or causes of genetic defects - establish the compatibility of tissue types for organ transplants identify relatives |
| Why should we approach the interpretation & comparison of DNA profiles with caution? | DNA samples may be planted or a person could be framed with the use of false evidence Human error can lead to false results Only a small amount of DNA is analysed so it may not be unique to one individual Testing standards may not be followed in various private labs Invasion of privacy and revealing personal information |
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