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| Question | Answer |
| Constantinople | -the capital of the Byzantine Empire -crossroad for land and sea trade routes -strongly defended by walls and towers |
| What does Hagia Sophia mean, where is it located and why was it built? | 1. "Holy Wisdom" 2. Constantinople 3. previous church was destroyed in riots |
| Who was Justinian's wife and what was her role in Constantinople? | Theodora- was shrewd politician -co-ruled with Justinian -made policies that helped women, children, and poor -started at the bottom of society |
| what initially caused the Great Schism? | The Pope (Western Christianity) and the Patriarch (Eastern Christianity) disagreed over whether or not symbols should be included in worship (Pope was for, Patriarch against) |
| autocrat | a ruler with complete authority over secular and religious matters |
| What made Constantinople a vital center of the Byzantine empire? | -well protected (by walls and towers and water on 3 sides) -on the edge of Europe and Asia -great place for trade because of location |
| Justinian's code | -Justinian's reform of the law -A massive collection of laws passed by Roman assemblies or decreed by emperors, also included the legal writings of Roman judges to be used as a handbook for students -other civilizations modeled their laws from it |
| Who formed the backbone of the empire? | peasants=> -worked the land -payed taxes -were soldiers in the military -had one of the strongest military forces in the world |
| What led to the decline and eventual destruction of the Byzantine Empire? | -struggles over succession, court intrigues, and constant wars -lords took control of land -the Seljuk Turks invaded => led to the crusades which weakened Constantinople -Ottoman Empire took over |
| What did the Ottoman Empire rename Constantinople? | -Istanbul -the Hagia Sophia was turned into an Islamic house of worship |
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