4395910
Description
Flashcards by Alama Sidibe Sid, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Alama Sidibe Sid
almost 9 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Population density | The average number of people per square kilometre =total population ÷ total land area in km² |
| Factors that attract settlement | 1.temperate climate 2.flat fertile land 3.good supplies of natural resources |
| factors that discourage settlement | 1. extreme climates 2. highland areas, 3.dense vegetation |
| socioeconomic factors | ability of providing jobs and high wages that can contribute to high migration population density |
| Political factors | for example health, education, roads, power generation and clean water and wars that contribute to low population density because people leave the area |
| What do population pyramids show? | the population of a place comparing numbers of people in different age groups and their life expectancy between men and women |
| What do demographic transition models show? | They show the difference in population between LEDCs and MEDCs in terms of birth and death rates and total population. |
| three main causes of population change | -births -deaths -migration |
| how to calculate the natural increase of a population change | Natural increase = birth rate - death rate e.g, if the birth rate is 14 per 1,000 population, and the death rate is 8 per 1000 population, then the natural increase is = 14 - 8 = 6 6/1000=0.6% |
| declining population | when the death rate is higher than the birth rate |
| Increasing population | when the death rate is lower than the birth rate |
| Causes of population growth in LEDCs | -contraception knowledge -child labour provides income, can also take care of elders or younger children -High rates of infant mortality -its traditional/cultural to have large families |
| problems that are caused by a high rate of young population in a LEDC | -need of more health care -eduaction resources -etc |
| The one-child policy | -stablished in 1979 -meant that each couple were only allowed to have one child |
| advantages of the one-child policy | AD-access of education -childcare -health care |
| Problems with disobeying the one-child policy | no benefits for any child -fined for enforcing the policy -rural areas resisted whereas urban areas enforced because it was the tradition. -many were forced to abort or forced to be sterilised. - |
| long-term implications with the one-child policy | -falling birth rate=rise of the ederly population -working age population have to support the growing elderly dependants -china will have an aging population |
| reasons why average life expectancy in MEDCs is rising | 1.improvements=of medicine, health care, knowledge of the importance of balanced diet and regular exercise; living standards and quality of life. 2.increased leisure and recreation time |
| the effects of an ageing population in a MEDCs | -chage of population structure - increase of elderly people as a proportion of the population -number of young dependants fall=elderly dependants rises -fewer economically active people to support the elderly population country forced to adopt a pro-natalist policy |
| the cause of low fertility rate | -contraception aware and ability - Women choose to follow their career -later marriages -state benefits |
| pro-natalist policy in France | - £675 monthly for a mothers to stay off work for 1year -given carte famille nombreuse (vouchers/reductions) -more income tax -3 years parental leave |
| how UK is coping with the aging population | Encouraging: -putting off money for retirement -increasing the retirement age - building facility for elders in preference for school -Economically active skilled and unskilled migrants to live in UK |
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