4787174
Description
Flashcards by Charlotte Hewson, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Charlotte Hewson
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| what is the basic process of manufacturing proteins? | 1) DNA gives instructions in nucleotides and their bases 2) complementary section of part of this is made = pre-mRNA (transcription) 3) pre-mRNA is spliced to form mRNA 4) mRNA = template for complementary tRNA to attach a.a. (translation) |
| what is transcription? | the process of making pre-mRNA using part of the DNA as a template |
| what is the 1st stage in the process of transcription? | 1. enzyme DNA helicase breaks hydrogen bonds between bases at certain point. this unravels the DNA. |
| what is the 2nd stage in the process of transcription? | 2. enzyme RNA polymerase moves along one of the strands causing nucleotides on this strand to join with individual complementary nucleotides from the pool in the nucleus |
| what is the 3rd stage in the process of transcription? | exposed bases pair with complementary bases, but Adenine doesn't bind with Thymine now, it binds with Uracil |
| what is the 4th stage of transcription? | 4. as the RNA polymerase adds nucleotides to build pre-mRNA, the DNA strands rejoin behind it so only about 12 bases are exposed at a time |
| what is the final stage in transcription? | when RNA polymerase reaches a stop codon, it detaches. |
| how is the pre-mRNA molecule modified? | it is spliced to remove useless introns, so it is just left with exons, making it mRNA |
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