Flashcards
Properties of The Alkanes
Cards in this deck (16)
- 1Oil refineries separate crude oil by what process?Fractional Distillation
- 2Explain the process where crude oil Is separatedAlkanes have different boiling points depending on how long their carbon chain is. After being vaporised, the crude oil enters a column where the temperature decreases and as the vaporised gases rise, they condense at different points due to their boiling and melting points, meaning that at different levels which are then filtered out through different columns
- 3What happens to the boiling point as chain length increases?It increases
- 4Alkanes are described as what?Saturated Hydrocarbons
- 5What type of bonds are in an alkane?Single Covalent Bonds/Sigma bonds
- 6Define the term: Covalent bondA covalent bond is where a pair of electrons are shared between to atoms
- 7Due to the covalent bonds in an alkane, each C atom is surrounded by how many electron pairs?Four
- 8The electron pairs around the C atom repel each other, what shape does this make around the carbon atom? And what bond angle is between the atoms?Shape: Tetrahedral
Bond Angle : 109.5 degrees - 9What is the name of the force that alkanes have?Van de Waals / London Forces / Intermolecular Forces
- 10The greater the van de Waal forces the greater the ________?Boiling Point
- 11Where do London forces act?Between molecules with close urface contact
- 12As the Alkane chain gets longer, so does the boiling point. Why?This is because the longer chains have more close surface contact, therefore meaning that there are more/larger Van der Waals forces and more energy is needed to break them = higher boiling point
- 13Fill in the blank: Branched alkanes have ________ boiling points than straight chain alkanes. Lower/HigherLower
- 14Draw out pentane, 2-methylbutane and 2,2-Dimethylpropane. Label them with the highest boiling point and the lowest boiling point.Pentane = Highest
2,2-Dimethylpropane = Lowest - 15Name two examples of products you can get from fractional distillation.Petrochemicals and Fuel
- 16What is the general formula of an alkane?CnH2n+2
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- Description
- These are my 'Properties of the Alkanes' Flashcards which are based on my '12.1 Properties of the Alkanes' mind map. It is also based heavily on the A-Level Chemistry textbook for OCR and the OCR Chemistry A-Level Specification.
- Created by
- Bee Brittain
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