4982578
Description
Flashcards by laurenberryyy, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by laurenberryyy
over 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Gingivitis | 1. first stage of periodontal disease. 2. inflammation of gingival tissues. 3. Only affects the gingivae. 4. Toxins from the bacteria provoke an inflammatory response. 5. reversible - carry out effective OH |
| Clinical signs of gingivitis | 1. Bleeding 2. Halitosis 3. Redness 4. Spongy & glossy gingivae 5. Swelling 6. False Pocketing |
| Treatment for gingivitis | > Scale & Polish (dentist cleans false pockets) > Plaque control via OH (teaching patient by giving advise) > Correction of tooth relationships (extracting or adjusting occlusion) > Correction of appliance |
| Name 6 immuno compromised patients. | Pregnant diabetes HIV Smoking, Age & Stress |
| Why does sucrose encourage plaque formation? | When sugar (sucrose) is on the tooth surface, bacteria will attach and plaque will form. |
| What bacteria is present in plaque 3-8 hours? | Cocci, Bacilli, Streptococus mutans |
| Bacteria present in plaque after 7 days | Spirochetes |
| when a question asks for clinical signs this means? | what you can see.. |
| Clinical signs specific to periodontitis | > Gingival recession > Bone resorption (loss) > True periodontal pocketing (total destruction of supporting structures) > Tooth mobility > Drifting |
| what happens if gingivitis is not treated? | Microbes affect deeper tissue. This includes periodontal ligament, cementum & alveolar bone. |
| What is a furcation lesion? | Exposed bifurcation/ Trifurcation area that can be accessed by a periodontal probe. cant necessarily be seen. |
| Causes of periodontitis | poor OH Calculus Caries Lip apart posture Gingival recession |
| What is calculus? | * Hard mineralized dental plaque * sticks to teeth, restorations & appliances * 70% in organic salts * 30% micro organisms & organic material *contains calcium & phosphate *calculus makes effective OH impossible |
| supra-gingival | ABOVE gingival margin. colour - white or pale yellow. staining sources - tabacco tar, food pigments. Common teeth - buccal upper molar & lingual lower anterior. Soft & easy to remove with scaler |
| Reason for supra-gingival calculus occurring on certain teeth. | Salivary glands open into the mouth in these areas. |
| Sub-gingival | BELOW gingival margin in periodontal pockets. Colour - Dark/ brown (spread evenly allover the mouth) Cause - breakdown products of blood form the ulcerated pocket epithelium. |
| what happens in Sub-gingival calculus? | A small discreet deposit form a band around the tooth and demineralization occurs. The calculus is hard and difficult to remove. |
| False pocket | enlarged gingival crevice Only affects gingivae if gingivitis is ignored and plaque is not removes, swelling will occur and this will create the illusion of a pocket. Food debris gets caught. |
| Pocket formation (true pocket) | Microbes from plaque penetrate deeper tissue detaching the gingivae from the tooth and causing destruction of periodontal ligament and alveolar bone. |
| Gingival recession | Gingivae becomes agitates due to the toxins and moves away. This detaches the gingivae from the tooth. When this happens roots are exposed and are visible clinically. |
| Bone resorption (loss) |
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