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| Question | Answer |
| What is Population Growth? | It refers to a change in population size. This change can be +ve / -ve / zero |
| A rapid increase in population is also called ... | Population Explosion |
| Factors affecting world population growth rate | 1. Birth Rate 2. Death Rate |
| What is Birth Rate | Number of live births per 1000 people per year. |
| What is death rate? | The number of deaths per 1000 people per year |
| How fast a population grows depends on ... | The Rate of Natural Increase |
| The Rate of Natural Increase is calculated by... | Subtracting the death rate from the birth rate. |
| The world's population is growing rapidly because ... | 1. Birth rate > Death rate 2. People live longer |
| Why people live longer now? | 1. Better medical and health care 2. Improved hygiene 3. Increased food supply (due to advances in technology) |
| Population Distribution Most of the world's population lives on ... | Only 10% of the Earth's land surface |
| Some countries have small populations, others have large populations. We say that the ..... | Population Distribution is uneven |
| Factors affecting Population Distribution | 1. Physical Environment 2. Level of Technology |
| How does physical environment affect population distribution | People tend to live in areas... 1. with fertile soil 2. climate is not extreme |
| How does level of technology affect population? | Technology - knowledge, skills & tools that people use to meet their needs. Environments that were not suitable can be converted to make suitable. |
| Population Density | Total Number of People --------------------------- Total Land Area |
| Countries with low population density is also said to be ... | Sparsely Populated |
| Countries with high population density is also said to be.. | Densely populated |
| Population density varies within a country too | Cities have high population densities. Countrysides, deserts & forests have low population densities. |
| The fastest population growth in the world today is in.... | Less developed countries |
| What are less developed countries | 1. Low level of economic wealth 2. Poor living conditions E.g. Africa, South America and some parts of Asia |
| What is a population pyramid | |
| Causes of High Rate of Population Growth | 1. Low Death Rate 2. High Birth Rate |
| Factors leading to low death rate | 1. Better Medical and Health Care 2. Better Hygiene |
| What is Medical Care | Availability of hospitals, clinics, doctors, medical equipment, medicine and medical knowledge |
| What is Health Care | Immunisation, nutritional knowledge, availability of community hospitals and other measures to improve quality of life. |
| Better medical and health care resulted in... | 1. Lower infant mortality rate (babies dying in 1st yr of birth). 2. Longer life expectancy (Elderly live longer) |
| Better Hygiene | 1. Less prone to contracting diseases. 2. Environment has fewer disease-carrying pests and insects |
| Factors leading to High Birth Rate | 1. Lack of Family Planning 2. Early Marriages 3. Preference for sons 4. Need for Farm Labour |
| Reasons for Lack of family planning | 1. Less education and know little about family planning methods. 2. Deep-rooted traditional beliefs & values or religious beliefs |
| Early Marriage | The childbearing years of younger women is longer |
| Preference for sons | Sons can carry family name and able to continue work on the farm unlike daughters who will marry and move away |
| Need for Farm Labour | More hands to work on the farm. |
| Consequences of High Rate of Population Growth | 1. Higher Demand for Resources 2. Higher Demand for Housing 3. Higher Demand for Education 4. Higher Demand for Jobs 5. Environmental Problems |
| Actions to control High Rate of Population Growth | 1. Educate on Family Planning. 2. Incentives and Penalties e.g. China's one child policy |
| Low Rate of Population Growth | In developed countries |
| What are developed countries | Countries with high levels of economic wealth and living conditions. |
| Causes of Low Rate of Population Growth | 1. Low Death Rate 2. Low Birth Rate |
| Factors that lead to Low Death Rate | 1. Higher Standards of hygiene - clean food, water & air 2. Better Nutrition. 3. Better Medical and health care |
| Factors that lead to low birth rate | 1. Later Marriages 2. Fewer Marriages 3. Preference for smaller families |
| Why people marry later in developed countries | 1. Women have higher academic qualifications 2. Women pursue careers before settling down |
| Consequences of low rate of population growth | 1. Ageing population 2. Higher Taxes 3. Smaller Talent Pool |
| Ageing Population | 1. Growing % of ppl > 60 yrs old 2. More elderly and fewer youths in workforce => burden on working population increases |
| Higher taxes | Shrinking workforce => each working person has to pay more taxes to fund public projects. |
| Smaller Talent pool. | Fewer people to lead and serve country => need to attract foreign talent |
| Actions to manage low rate of population growth | 1. Encourage Marriage and Childbearing. 2. Meeting the needs of the elderly. 3. Building special facilities. 4. Helping the elderly keep healthy. 5. Encourage families to look after the elderly. 6. Extending working life 7. Encouraging Financial Planning |
| How to encourage marriage and childbearing? | 1. Tax rebates to families with more children 2. More child care centres to look after children. |
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