6849501
Description
Flashcards by Farah Mansour, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Farah Mansour
about 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| ESOPHAGUS { Beginning } | * Begins at the lower border of the 6th cx vertebra (opposite the lower border of the cricoid cartilage), where it is continuous with the pharynx. * The 6th cervical vertebra is where the pharynx becomes the esophagus, and the larynx becomes the trachea. |
| ESOPHAGUS { Termination } | Enters the stomach at the cardiac orifice opposite the 11th thoracic vertebra, one inch to the left of the median plane. |
| ESOPHAGUS { Course } | * At its origin, it lies in median plane. * Descends vertically downward in the neck, through the superior and posterior mediastinum but with two curvatures to the left side: - The 1st curvature: deviates to the left, remains to the left through the root of the neck and gradually reaches the midline at fifth thoracic vertebrae (the level of the sternal angle). - The 2nd curvature: again, shifts toward the left as it moves anteriorly toward esophageal hiatus in diaphragm (because the esophageal opening of the diaphragm lies 1 inch to the left of the median plane). - Esophagus, also, has anteroposterior flexures corresponding to vertebral column curves. It follows the concavities of the vertebral column. When we say to the left, it is lateral curvature. |
| ESOPHAGUS { Constrictions } | * At the beginning of the esophagus (6 inches from the incisor teeth). * Opposite the arch of the aorta (9 inches from the incisor teeth). * Opposite the point of crossing of the left principle bronchus (12 inches from the incisor teeth). * At the esophageal opening of the diaphragm (15 inches from the incisor teeth). * These constrictions are of clinical importance during passage of gastroscope along the esophagus. { The constrictions are of clinical interest also because of the slower passage of substances through these regions. They indicate where swallowed foreign objects are likely to lodge, and where structures develop following the accidental drinking of caustic liquids. } |
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