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Description
Flashcards by Becka Landry, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Becka Landry
almost 8 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Anthropology | the study of humankind through all times and places the study of biological & cultural evolution & diversity of human beings, past & present |
| Characteristics of Anthropology | - a focus on the concept of culture - holistic approach - comparative perspective |
| Culture | a society's shared & socially transmitted ideas, values, & perceptions |
| Holistic Approach | the fundamental principle of anthropology wherein various parts of human culture & biology must be viewed in the broadest possible context in order to understand their interconnection & interdependence |
| Comparative perspective | an approach that uses data about the behaviors & beliefs in many societies to document both cultural universal & cultural diversity |
| Globalization | the spread of economic, political, & cultural influences across a large geographic area or many different societies |
| Ethnocentrism | widespread human tendency to perceive the ways of doing things in one's own culture as normal & natural & that of others as strange, inferior & possibly even unnatural or inhuman |
| Cultural Relativism | an approach in anthropology that stresses the importance of analyzing cultures in each culture's own terms rather than in terms of the cultures of the anthropologist |
| Subfields of Anthropology | cultural archaeology physical (biological) linguistic |
| Cultural Anthropology | the study of different patterns in human behavior, thought, & feelings it focuses on humans as culture-producing & culture-reproducing creatures |
| Fieldwork | the term anthropologists use for on-location research |
| Participant Observation | a component of fieldwork which is the technique of learning a people's culture through direct participation in their everyday life over an extended period of time |
| Ethnography | the detailed description of a particular culture based on fieldwork - requires field work to collect data - often descriptive - group/community specific |
| Ethnology | the study & analysis of various cultures from a comparative & historical aspect - uses data collected by a series of researchers - usually synthetic - comparative/cross-cultural |
| Archaeology | focuses on the study of material culture through the recovery & analysis of material remains |
| Biological Anthropology | focuses on humans as biological organisms, evolution, & human variation a method in which researchers analyze fossils & observe living primates to reconstruct the ancestry of the human species |
| Linguistic Anthropology | the study of human languages (3 components: descriptive, historical, social or cultural) |
| Descriptive Component of Linguistic Anthropology | includes syntax & grammar of the language |
| Historical Component of Linguistic Anthropology | the way languages change over time |
| Social or Cultural Component of Linguistic Anthropology | where researchers understand the relationship between a people's culture & their language |
| Applied Anthropology | the use of anthropological knowledge & methods to solve practical problems, often for a specific client |
| Anthropological Ethics | what is owed to the people or materials an anthropologist is studying |
| Informed Consent | a recorded agreement to participate in research; federally mandated for all U.S. & European research |
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