94997
Description
Flashcards by serenacutbill, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by serenacutbill
over 11 years ago
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| Question | Answer |
| Health and Welfare | Further studies required to determine presence/absence of abnormal behaviour Zoological Info Management Systems UK Fish & Aquatic Invertebrate Taxonomic Advisory Group |
| Animal Management | Clarification of marine/freshwater species from approved certified sustainable sources Acquisitions from captive bred stocks/sustainable stock from wild with Marine Aquarium Council (MAC) certification |
| Animal Management 2 | Disposal of surplus animals must be legal & comply with laws Release to wild should not be used as a method of disposal All release programmes should comply with IUCN guidelines Touch pools should be supervised |
| Conservation 34 aquariums in EU kept 2,344 species in 2004 199 species in breeding programmes | FAITAG has 30+ participants, from non-BIAZA collections EAZA ShellShock campaign hosted a life-sized inflatable turtle UK community involved in reintro projects for Mexican live bearing fishes |
| Education | Education strategies can combine formal teaching programmes as well as informal programmes targeted at visitors Displaying natural history film footage Employ staff to explain interesting stories |
| Aquatic species First aquarium was opened at London Zoo in 1853 | Range from highly developed mammals to lower invertebrates Very different anatomy, physiology and behaviour Evolution dates back 450 million years 28,500 species exist |
| Is the welfare of aquatic species important? | Yes Moral and ethical duty to them as have removed them from their environment However, there is very little info on welfare of aquatic species |
| Sentience The conscious awareness of the animal to favourable of adverse conditions | A precondition for welfare concerns Assume: not like us=don't feel like us=low sentience Animal Welfare act 2006 covers fish but not invertebrates |
| The Aquatic Animal Health (England and Wales) Regulations 2009 | This only applies to Aquaculture (farming of fish) |
| Fish Welfare | Little known about welfare, or capacity for suffering Though current evidence suggests fish have capacity for pain perception and suffering Therefore steps must be taken to ensure welfare of fish |
| Fact or Fiction? | Scientists found fish trained to respond to certain sounds in captivity still reacted months later in the wild http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-1106884/Three-second-memory-myth-Fish-remember-months.html |
| Fact or Fiction? | Goldfish have been found to have three month memory, and can tell time (by pushing lever for food at same time of day) |
| Dolphins in Captivity | Can suffer psychological problems linked to being captured and confined http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/science-news/7263571/Dolphins-can-be-traumatised-by-swimming-with-people.html |
| Orcas in Captivity Currently 42 in captivity in USA, Canada, Japan & France 136 taken from wild since 1961 120 now dead | Average captive lifespan=6.5y, max 20 Wild lifespan=up to 80y Constantly pool circling, dorsal fin droops Normally housed in too small pools |
| Sea Lions in Captivity | Performance provides enrichment & health checks Breed well & similar lifespan to wild Obesity is an issue Stereotypical behaviours |
| Aquariums Under legislation for Zoo Licensing Act 1981 & EC Zoos Directive 1999 Also have to meet SSSMZP | This requires high husbandry standards, engagement in conservation/education, and conduction of research Lot of scrutiny from animal rights |
| Stereotypical behaviour in fish | Little info - BIAZA recommends research Surface breaking in Rays - due to incorrect feeding Skin wounds occur naturally due to mating - not welfare issue |
| Stereotypical behaviours 2 | Constantly/repeatedly swimming from between places Decreased behaviours, eg. shoaling, swimming, feeding Increased aggression Signs of stress - gasping Increased mortality/morbidity |
| Stocking densities Should allow fish to show most normal behaviour and avoid having to show abnormal behaviour | Some fish prefer high density, others don't Combined with too much/little water flow welfare much worse Damaged fins, fin chewing, contact with fish |
| Feeding methods | Huge competition Done in a way that reduces competition/aggression Feed evenly & widely Provide adequate amounts Incorrect feeding leads to stress |
| Catching fish | Poor welfare when fish hooked, removed from water, handled or kept in keep net Lifting fish out of water has been proven to cause acute stress Minimum handling |
| Environment and water conditions | Temp, salinity, pH, dissolved O2, organic/inorganic substances, light Conditions outside preference: stress, distress, impaired health, mortality |
| Exhibit Design | Size & shape of tank must consider behaviour of species Water quality, flow rates, lighting and life support systems must be designed to provide appropriate environment Theme, substrate, planting |
| Diving Experience Exhibits | Appendix 6 of SSSMZP Divers must be briefed on what and what not to do Areas off limits for refuse Diving kept to minimum |
| Education | Promote public education & awareness in relation to conservation of biodiversity Provide info on species & natural habitat Written education strategy |
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