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| Question | Answer |
| What is an essential nutrient? | Can’t be made in body |
| What is a non-essential nutrient? | Can be made in body |
| What are the classes of macronutrients (a.k.a. macromolecules) and their component building blocks? | 1 - Carbohydrates/polysaccharides (building block - saccharides) 2- Proteins (bb - amino acids) 3- Fats/lipids (bb - fatty acids) |
| What are the classes of micronutrients? | Vitamins, minerals and phytonutrients |
| What does the “macro” in macronutrients mean in Greek? How does its meaning apply to macronutrients? | Makro = Large Macronutrients are required in large quantities (vs. micronutrients - required in small) |
| What is the primary function of macronutrients? | Provide bulk energy to the body |
| The body requires macronutrients for…? | 1 - The provision of calories/energy 2- Growth 3 - Metabolism 4 - Many other body functions |
| The energy provided by macronutrients is stored and used in the body in the form of…? | ATP |
| ATP = ? | Adenosine tri-phosphate (the body's storage & use form of energy) |
| What 3 structural similarities do all macronutrients share? | 1 - Carbon (backbone) 2 - Hydrogen 3 - Oxygen |
| Why are the similarities in structure between macronutrients important? | Because they are similar in structure, macronutrients can share same metabolic pathways Hence, more efficiently broken down for energy or built up into usable units |
| Why are the structural differences between macronutrients important? | Structural differences between macronutrients give them specialized functions in the body |
| What is a nutrient? | A chemical which an organism needs to live and grow A substance used in an organism’s metabolism which must be taken in from its environment |
| What makes a compound ‘organic’? | O compound is considered 'organic' when It contains carbon |
| Carbs are ___________ for life. | Essential (in varying amounts) |
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