Translation Techniques

Methods
1. Methods relate whole texts, and procedures are used for sentences
2. Those are divide into
  1. Semantic translation
  2. Free translation
  3. Faithful translation
  4. Word-for-word translation
    1. A word-for-word translation can be used in some languages.
  5. Communicative translation
  6. Literal translation
    1. Zhongying (1994: 97), it is agreed by many that one should translate literally or appeal to free translation."
    2. In which the SL grammatical constructions are converted to their nearest TL equivalents.
Procedures
1. Notes
  1. These are additional information in a translation.
2. Methods relate whole texts, and procedures are used for sentences.
3. Naturalization
4. Transference
5. transpositions
  1. Hervey and Higgins (1986) also propose it as cultural transplantation.
6. Couplets
  1. It occurs when the translator combines two different procedures. (Newmark, 1988b:91)
7. Componential analysis
8. Synonymy
Strategies
1. Furthermore, Bell (1998:188) differentiates between global and local strategies.
  1. Global (with whole texts) and local (with text segments)
    1. Translating without interruption
    2. Correcting surface errors
2. Strategies "involve the basic tasks and procedures explain the meaning.
3. Krings (1986:18) "translator's potentially conscious plans for solving."
4. Seguinot (1989) three global strategies employed by the translators.
  1. Translating without interruption
  3. Leaving the monitoring
Techniques
1. Direct Translation Techniques
  1. Borrowing
  2. Calque
  3. Literal Translation
2. Oblique Translation Techniques
  1. Transposition
    1. Process where parts of speech change their sequence when they are translated.
  2. Modulation
  3. Adaptation
    1. It is used mainly for plays (comedies) and poetry.
  4. Compensation

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Translation Techniques

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	Created by Angie Sanchez about 7 years ago