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11635410
Homeostasis & Response
Description
GCSE Biology Mind Map on Homeostasis & Response, created by Megan Leek on 30/11/2017.
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biology
gcse
Mind Map by
Megan Leek
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Megan Leek
almost 7 years ago
341
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Resource summary
Homeostasis & Response
Nervous System
Electrical Impulses along neurones
Stimulus
Change that causes a response
Sense Organs
Sensetive to stimuli
Cluster of receptor cells
Reflexes
Automatic
Rapid
Protects body from harm
Basic body functions
ie. breathing
Sequences
Stimulus => Receptor => Coordinator => Motor neurone => Effector => Response
Synapses
Junction between 1 neurone and another
ie. Sensory => Motor
Endocrine System
Homeostasis
Maintanence of a constant internal organism.
Hormones
Chemical substances secreted by glands
Pituitary gland
Master gland
ADH - urine produced by kidneys
FSH - Follicle Stimulating Hormone - Stimulates ovaries to make Oestrogen
Egg to mature
TSH - stimulates thyroid gland to make thyroxine
LH - Lutenising Hormone - stimulates eggs release
Thyroid Gland
Thyroxin
Regulates metabolism
Adrenal gland
Adrenaline - fight or flight
Ovaries
Oestrogen - Growth + Repair of Uterus wall
Progesterone - Maintains thickness of Uterus wall
Testes
Testerone
The Brain
controls behaviour
Cerebral Cortex
Consciousness
Memory
Balance
Intelligence
Cerebellum
Coordinating muscular activity
Balance
Medulla
Unconscious Activity
Heart rate
Gut movements
Breathing
Hypothalamus
Controls body temperature
Studying Brain Damage
People suffering from damage can be used to map the brain's behavior
Electrically Stimulating parts of the brain
Remove top of Skulls
See effect
MRI scans
Brain tumour will affect behaviour
MRI scan shows where the affected area is
Brain Tumours
Conscious patients
No Nerve endings
The Eye
Sense Organ
Cornea
Shields the eye from bacteria & Protects front of eye
Iris
Controls amountof light entering the eye via pupil
Dilated pupil
Circular muscles relaxes
Radial Muscle contracts
Pupils constricts
Circular muscles contracts
Radial Muscle contracts
Lens
Focuses light rays
Produces image on Retina
Retina
Layer of light Sensitive Lights
Converts light to neural signals
Optic Nerve
Transfers visual info => brain
Sensory Neurones
Sclera
Tough / Fibrous
Resistant to squashing
Ciliary Muscles + Suspensory Ligiment
Controls shape of lens
Binocular / Monocular Vision
Binocular
Two eyes
Overlapping fields
Good depth perception
Smaller field of view
Monocular
Two eyes used seperately
Limited depth perception
Large field of view
Accomodation
Vision Problems
Myopia
Short Sighted
Distant objects = blurry
Hyperopia
Near objects = blurry
Long Sighted
Controlling body temperature
Controlled by thermoregulatory centre in brain
Hypothalamus
Hot
Vasodilation
Arterioles dilate so more blood enters and more heat is lost
Sweat
Sudorific glands remove heat when water changes state
Pilorelaxation
Hairs flatten
Stretching out
Larger SA
Cold
Vasoconstriction
Arterioles get smaller so less blood enter and less heat is lost
Shivering
Rapid contraction & Relaxation
Heat from respiration
Piloerection
Hairs on skin stand up
Curling up
Smaller SA
Controlling Blood Glucose levels
Blood glucose % monitored by pancreas
Diabetes
Cannot control levels of blood glucose
Type 1
Treated by daily insulin injections
Can not be given in tablet form as it would be digested
Live normal lives
Genetic problem
Type 2
Links to
Old age
Obesity
Lack of excersise
Treated by
Balanced diet
Losing weight
Regular excersise
Otherwise drugs that
Insulin work better on the body
Pancreas make more Insulin
Reduce amount of glucose you absorb
Maintaining water + Nitrogen Balance
Osmoregulation
Regulating aount of water in the body
Nitrogen
Manufacture of proteins
Removed by Urea
Filtered from Kidneys + expelled in urine
Kidneys
Filter blood to clean it
Blood passes once every 5 minutes
Selective Reabsorption
Too concentrated = ADH produced
Tiny tubules
More ADH = More water absorbed
Receptor Cells detect concs of solutes in the blood
Kidney problems
Dialysis
Blood leaves body and flows through machine
Partially permeable membranes
Dialysis fluid
% of dissolved substances in a healthy person
8 hours for dialysis to be complete
Disadvantages
Controlled diet
Kidney Transplants
Replaced from donor kidney
Joined to patient's groin
Rejection due to different antigens
Immunosuppressant drugs
Poor immune system
Lasts roughly 9 years
Media attachments
Reflex Actions (binary/octet-stream)
Main Qimg 81b55bb5e6852f071f063c42d6dd4563 (binary/octet-stream)
Shutterstock 77803240 (binary/octet-stream)
X2604 A 08 (binary/octet-stream)
Hyperopia Myopia (binary/octet-stream)
Picture17 (binary/octet-stream)
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