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11996642
Respiration
Description
A2 Biology (Section 5) Mind Map on Respiration, created by Dominic Weston on 25/01/2018.
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biology
section 5
a2
Mind Map by
Dominic Weston
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
Dominic Weston
over 6 years ago
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Resource summary
Respiration
Glycolysis
Overview:
Splitting molecule of glucose into two molecules of pyruvate
Occurs in the cytoplasm
Doesn't require oxygen
Net gain of 2 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 pyruvate
(1) Phosphorylation
Glucose phosphorylated
Adds 2 phosphate groups from 2 ATP molecules
Resulting in 2 molecules of triose phosphate and 2 ADP
(2) Oxidation
Both triose phosphate oxided (lose hydrogen)
Forms 2 molecules of pyruvate and 4 ATP
Both hydrogen ions each join to an ADP forming NADH
Krebs cycle
Link Reaction
Overview
Occurs in matrix of mitochondria
Converts pyruvate into acetyl coenzyme A
Link reaction happens twice for every glucose molecule
As 2 pyruvates produced, both going through the link reaction
Anaerobic
Pyruvate is converted into ethanol or Lactate
Ethanol
In plants and yeast
CO2 released from pyruvate to form ethanal
NADH oxidised to regenerate NAD which can be used in glycolysis
Still making ATP even if anaerobic
Forms ethanol
Lactate
In animal cells and bacteria
pyruvate and NADH react to form lactate (latic acid) and NAD
NAD again used in glycolysis to keep ATP production even in small amount
Aerobic
Pyruvate is decarboxylated (remove one carbon)
Carbon joins with O2 to form CO2
NAD reduced, taking one hydrogen from pyruvate
Forms Acetyl
Combines with coenzyme A (COA)
Forms Acetyl COA
No ATP used or produced
Oxidative Phosphorylation
Net Produced
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