13326179
'Brutal Slaughter'
How did William
gain full control?
1067-71
- 1. Reasons to rebel
- revenge
- e.g.
Gytha,
- e.g.
Gytha,
- Pride
- Loss of land
- E.g.
Edwin &
Morcar
- E.g.
Edwin &
Morcar
- Tax
- high - esp
in 1st 2 yrs
- high - esp
in 1st 2 yrs
- Numbers
- Saxons way
outnumber
Normans -
reasonable
chance of
success
- Saxons way
outnumber
Normans -
reasonable
chance of
success
- revenge
- 2. First uprisings
1066-1068
- Edric the
Wild's
rebellion Aug
1067
- 1st
rebellion
- Previously a
powerful
thegn
- Lived as
outlaw -
raided
Norman lands
- Rebellion
not serious
- William
stays in
Normandy.
- Raids
continue
for yrs but
no real
threat
- William
stays in
Normandy.
- 1st
rebellion
- William's attempts
to avoid rebellions
Dec1066-March
1067
- Coronation
Dec 25th
1066
- William wanted
to wait but
persuaded would
increase his
authority
- Chaos - nearly
causes
rebellion
- William wanted
to wait but
persuaded would
increase his
authority
- Built
castles
e.g.
Norwich.
- Sold back
lands to
some English
Earls/thegns,
- Edgar, Edwin &
Morcar formally
surrender to
William
- Loyal Normans
put in charge of
rebellious areas.
- South East -
Bishop Odo
(William's
half brother)
- East Anglia -
FitzOsborn
(William's
BFF)
- South East -
Bishop Odo
(William's
half brother)
- End of march - Will
returns to
Normandy. Takes
Edgar, Edwin &
Morcar as
hostages
- Coronation
Dec 25th
1066
- Exeter
Rebellion
Feb 1068
- (I) Organised by
Gytha, Harold
Godwinson's
mother
- Wants revenge
- Powerful
figurehead
- Was plotting
with Irish and
Danish
- Wants revenge
- (II) William
leads
army
- Defenders
refuse him
entry - he
gouges
out eyes
of hostage
- Shows he
is taking it
seriously
- Defenders
refuse him
entry - he
gouges
out eyes
of hostage
- (III) William lays
siege to city -
digs tunnels
under walls.
- Survive 18days
then surrender -
plea for peace
- Survive 18days
then surrender -
plea for peace
- (IV) William pardons rebels -
makes promises
- won't
punish
people
- Won't
plunder
city
- No
extra
taxes
- Gytha has
lands
taken
away
- won't
punish
people
- Builds castle
(Rougemont)
to keep
control
- Further castles built at
Totnes, Okehampton,
Launceston
- Destroys
houses to
do this
- Further castles built at
Totnes, Okehampton,
Launceston
- (I) Organised by
Gytha, Harold
Godwinson's
mother
- William's
approach?
Basically peaceful
and patient
- Edric the
Wild's
rebellion Aug
1067
- 3. Rebellions in the
North 1068-70
- (I) Summer '68
Challenge to
William
- Message to Will -
North will fight if
he sets foot there.
- William
marches North
with army.
- Builds
Castles
- \Warwick
- Nottingham
- York
- Edwin and Morcar
surrender -
William pardons
them
- \Warwick
- Whilst this going on
Harold's sons invade from
Ireland - land at Bristol
- People of Bristol
fought them -
loyal to William!
- People of Bristol
fought them -
loyal to William!
- Builds
Castles
- Edwin,
Morcar
& Edgar
organise
revolt
- Message to Will -
North will fight if
he sets foot there.
- (III) Winter 1069
- Gytha
persuades
Danish king
to invade
- Sends
huge
invasion
fleet
- Others use
opportunity
to rebel
- Edric the Wild -
attacks
Shrewsbury
- Uprising in Devon
& Cornwall -
attack Exeter
- Exeter remains
loyal to William
- Exeter remains
loyal to William
- Edric the Wild -
attacks
Shrewsbury
- Others use
opportunity
to rebel
- Sends
huge
invasion
fleet
- William's plan
- 1. Pay the
Danish
soldiers
to leave
- 2. Wear his
coronation
crown in
York minster
- 3. Destroy the
land (Harrying
of the North)
- 1. Pay the
Danish
soldiers
to leave
- Harrying of the North
- 100,000 killed
- Ploughs
salt into
land
- Famine - led
to
canibalism
- Long lasting
impact - still
wasteland 16 yrs
later when
Domesday bk
writen
- 100,000 killed
- Gytha
persuades
Danish king
to invade
- (II) Spring
1069
- 2nd
rebellion
in North
- William
crushes
in bloody
battle
- William
crushes
in bloody
battle
- 2nd
rebellion
in North
- William's
approach?
Swift and
brutal
- (I) Summer '68
Challenge to
William
- 4. Rebellions in the
East 1070-71
- (i)
Changes
to the
Church
- Stigand replaced
as Archbish of
Cant.
- Lanfranc
took over
his job
- Lanfranc
took over
his job
- Priests &
monks
replaced by
Normans
- Ordered
monasteries to
provide soldiers -
William need
funds to fight.
- Stigand replaced
as Archbish of
Cant.
- (ii).
Danish
invaders
return
- Attack Ely -
in East
Anglia.
- Danish King
arrives with
reinforcements
- Attack Ely -
in East
Anglia.
- (iii). Hereward
the Wake
- Raided Peterborough
Abbey - angry that
English Abbot to be
replaced by Norman
- Joined
forces
with
Danish.
- Others join
his rebellion
- Edwin &
Morcar
- Raided Peterborough
Abbey - angry that
English Abbot to be
replaced by Norman
- (iv) William's
response
- Meets Danish
King - negotiates
- Danes leave
- Danes leave
- Marches army
to Ely
- Uses boats - blocks
supplies/
reinforcements
getting to
Hereward
- Gets witch
to curse
from tower
- Hereward
sneaks out -
burns tower &
witch!
- Hereward
sneaks out -
burns tower &
witch!
- Managed to take
control of Ely
- Morcar and
leaders
imprisoned
- rebels
eyes
gouged
out or
hands
cut off
- Rebellion
against
William is over
- Morcar and
leaders
imprisoned
- Uses boats - blocks
supplies/
reinforcements
getting to
Hereward
- Meets Danish
King - negotiates
- William's
approach? A
bit of
everything -
brutality,
negotiation,
patience
and speed.
- (i)
Changes
to the
Church
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