14319542
Description
Mind Map by Amirul Aiman, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by Amirul Aiman
about 6 years ago
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|
African Trypanosomiasis
- Summary
- Sleeping
sickness
- T brucei group
- Gambiense TbG
- West + Central
- Gradual
- Human-
Human
- Human-
Human
- West + Central
- rhodesiense
TbR
- East + South
- Rapid
- Reservoir
- Game
- Cattle
- Game
- Reservoir
- East + South
- Gambiense TbG
- Vector
(transmission)
- Tsetse fly
- Painful bite
- Rural woodlands +
forest
- Painful bite
- Rarely
- Bloodborne
- Congenital
- Bloodborne
- Tsetse fly
- Locality
- Sub Saharan
- DR of Congo
- South Sudan
- Central African Rebuplic
- DR of Congo
- Sub Saharan
- Negelected Tropical
Disease
- misdiagnosis as psychosis after travel
- Sleeping
sickness
- Vector
- Tsetse fly
- warm+ Shaded
- 1-6 mo
- Low infctn rate
- 2-3 per1000
- 2-3 per1000
- warm+ Shaded
- Tsetse fly
- Life cycle
- 1. Fly bite +
injects parasite
- 2. Metacyclic
trypomastigotes → BS
trypomastigotes
- 3. Multiply
via binary
fission
- 4.
Trypomastigotes
in blood
- 5. Fly bite + ingest
parasite
- 6. BS parasite→
procylic parasite@
tsetse fly midgut
- multiply via binary
fission
- 7. Procyclic parasite leave
midgut→ epimastigotes
- 8. multiply @ salivary
glands epi→ metacyclic
- 8. multiply @ salivary
glands epi→ metacyclic
- multiply via binary
fission
- 6. BS parasite→
procylic parasite@
tsetse fly midgut
- 5. Fly bite + ingest
parasite
- Human Stages
- 4.
Trypomastigotes
in blood
- 3. Multiply
via binary
fission
- Tsetse fly
Stages
- 2. Metacyclic
trypomastigotes → BS
trypomastigotes
- 1. Fly bite +
injects parasite
- Signs and
Symptoms
- Signs
- Chancre
- localised erythema
- Indurated
- Tender
- Lymphadenopathy
- trypanosome move to nearby
nodes → lymphadenitis
- painless
- soft
- mobile nodes
- Common in TbG
- @ posterior cervical
"Winterbottom's Sign"
- trypanosome move to nearby
nodes → lymphadenitis
- Onset in days
- up to 3 weeks
- up to 3 weeks
- Common in TbR
- localised erythema
- Hepatosplenomegaly
- Anaemia
- abnormal LFT
- Anaemia
- Chancre
- Symptoms
- Parasitaemia
- Myalgia
- Fever
- Headache
- Weightloss
- Rash
- Itch
- Myalgia
- Parasitaemia
- Complications
- CVS
- Myocardits
- Effusions
- Myocardits
- Endocrince
- Hypothyroidism
- Hypoadrenalism
- Hypothyroidism
- CNS
- Psychosis
- Convulsions
- Insomnia/somnalence
- Hyper/Para thenesia
- Tremors/Ataxia/Focal signs
- Psychosis
- General
- Wasting
- Malnutrition
- Infections
- Wasting
- CVS
- Signs
- Dx
- Demonstration of
Parasite
- Aspiration of chancre
- Blood Film
- blood concentration
technique
- Quantitative
Buffy coat
- QBC
- QBC
- blood concentration
technique
- Bone marrow
- CSF
- Mandatory
- xclude CNS
- Microscopy for trypanosomes
- WCC > 5
- Morula cells of Mott
- Big Eosinophillic Plasma
cell contain IgM
- Big Eosinophillic Plasma
cell contain IgM
- Mandatory
- Serology
- Population screening
- CATT (Card Agglutination Test)
- Population screening
- Aspiration of chancre
- Ddx
- HIV
- Toxoplasmosis in HIV
- CD<400
- CD<400
- Toxoplasmosis in HIV
- TB
- Meningitis
- Lymphoma
- CNS vasculitis
- Psychiatric illness
- HIV
- Prognosis
- Fatal without Tx
- Fatal without Tx
- Demonstration of
Parasite
- Staging
- Stage 1 (Early)
- No CNS involvements
- Haemolymphatics
- No CNS involvements
- Stage 2 (Late)
- CNS involvements
- CNS involvements
- Stage 1 (Early)
- Tx
- TbG
- S1- Pentamidine
- S2 - Eflornithine / ±Nifurtimox
- S1- Pentamidine
- TbR
- S1- Suramin
- S2- Melarsoprol
- S1- Suramin
- Steroids often used
- SE common
- 1-3 weeks
- TbG
- Control
- Vector control
- Population screening
- Minimise contact
- Prevention
- aerial insecticide
- Tsetse fly trap
- insectiside impregnated screen
- wild animal pop reduction
- removal of woody vegetaion
- aerial insecticide
- Vector control
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