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143964
Endocrine System
Description
Mind Map on Endocrine System, created by christopher467 on 05/07/2013.
Mind Map by
christopher467
, updated more than 1 year ago
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Created by
christopher467
about 11 years ago
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Resource summary
Endocrine System
Function
Regulate growth
Use food to produce energy
resistance to stress
Ph of body fluids and fluid balance
Reproduction
Characteristics
Consists of endocrine glands that secrete chemicals called hormones
Endocrine vs. exocrine glands
Endocrine glands
Ductless glands, secrets it's product (hormone) directly into the blood
Exocrine glands
Secrets it's product into a duct to be taken to be taken to a cavity or surface
Types of hormones
Amines
Structural variations of amino acid tyrosine
Includes thyroxine from thyroid gland
Epinephrine + norepinephrine from the adrenal medulla
Proteins
Chains of 50-200 amino acids
Short chains of amino acids (Peptides)
Antidiuretic hormone + Oxytocin, Peptide hormones of 9 amino acids each
Synthesized by the hypothalamus
Insulin from pancreas
GH from anterior pituitary gland
Calcitonin from throid gland
Steroids
Cholesterol is the precursor for steroid hormones
Adrenal cortex
Cortisol + Aldosterone
Ovaries
Estrogen + Progesterone
Testes
Testerone
Regulation
Negative feedback mechanism
Info about effects of hormone fed back to gland, decreasing secretion
Releasing hormones or (Releasing factors)
Hormones of Anterior pituitary gland
Secreted by Hypothalamus
GHRH from Hypothalamus
Secretes GH
Antagonistic pair
regulate particular aspect of blood chemistry
Pituitary gland or (Hypophysis)
Posterior pittuitary (neuohypophysis)
Extension of nerve tissue of hypothalamus
and Anterior pituitary gland (Adenohypophysis)
Oxytocin
Stimulates release of milk from mammary glands when baby is nursing
Stimulates contraction of the uterus at end of pregnancy
(ADH or Vasopressin) Antidiuretic hormone
Increases reabsorption of water by kidney tubules
which decreases amount of urine formed
Any type of dehydration stimulates secreation of ADH
to conserve body warter
hangs by short stalk (infundibulum)
Is enclosed by sella turcica of sphenoid bone
Anterior pituitary (Adenohypophysis)
Releasing hormones are secreted into capillaries in hypthalamus
Pass through Hypophyseal portal veins
where RH stimulate secretion of
Anterior pituitary hormones
Growth hormone (GH) or Somatotropin
Promotes growth indirectly
Stimulates Cells to produce
Chemicals (IGFs) Insulin-like growth factors
Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) or Thyrotropin
Target organ thyroid gland
Stimulated by (TRH) Thyrotropin releasing hormone
from Hypothalamus
When metabolic rate (energy production) decreases
TRH is produced
(ACTH) Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Stimulates secretion of cortisol and
other hormones by adrenal cortex
Secretion increased by (CRH) from hypothalamus
(CRH) Corticotropin Releasing Hormone
Produced by any type of physiological stress situation
injury, disease, exercise or hypoglycemia
Prolactin (PRL)
Responsible for lactation
Producing milk by mammary glands
Regulation from hypothalamus involving
(PRH) prolactin releasing hormone
(PIH) prolactin inhibiting hormone
(FSH) follicle stimulating hormone
one of gonadotropic hormones
has effects on the gonads, ovaries or testes
Stimulates growth of ovarian follicles
initiating egg development in cycles of approximately 28 days
In men initiates sperm production within the testes
in females stimulates secreation of estrogen by the follicle cells
stimulated by hypothalamus
producing (GnRH)
gonadotropin releasing hormone
FSH secretion decreased by
Inhibin
hormone produced by ovaries or testes
(LH) Luteinizing Hormone
Gonadotropic hormone
Responsible for ovulation in women
also called (ICSH)
intersitial cell stimulating hormone
In men secreates testerone in testes
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