D, A AND LANGUAGE AND CONTEXT
Linguistic & non-linguistic
behavior analysis of the
language in use
* Studies specific ways of speaking and
writing * Patterns of language texts and
sociocultural contexts * Performance and
creation of language on particular social
identities
D. A. AND PRAGMATICS & SEMANTICS What people
literally say and what they really mean
D. A. AND TEXTS How people organize
what they say first and subsequently
on a piece of writing
D.A AND CULTURAL WAYS OF
SPEAKING AND WRITING Ethnography
of Communication (Hymes 1964)
Speech Events
How things are said
Purpose, Where, When
Who speaks to whom
and about what
DISCOURSE AND COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE Know
what is grammatically correct or not.
Social and cultural
settings
Speakers and writers
relationship
Community norms, values, and
interaction on speech events
Where and when to use language
appropriately and with whom
DISCURSIVE COMPENTENCE
TEXTUAL COMPETENCE Produce according
to text eg. MSN messenger abbreviations
GENERIC COMPETENCE Respond a text
using correct conventions eg. an email, an
academic text, to a friend
SOCIAL COMPETENCE How language is used in social
interactions eg. introducing yourself. Roles in specific
social and cultural settings.
DIFFERENT VIEWS OF DISCOURSE
ANALYSIS
Fairclough (2003) Social science
researcher focused on the analysis
of discourse
Mills (1997) Highlights one aspect
of language usage to another
Cazden (1998) Focus on the natural
occurring of language and
different ways of talking and
understanding
D.A Focuses not only on written texts and spoken
utterances but also on how people communicate with
groups and other cultures, how people do things beyond
language
DISCOURSE AND SOCIAL REALITY
DISCOURSE AND SOCIALLY SITUATED IDENTITY
DISCOURSE AND PERFORMANCE
DISCOURSE AND INTERTEXTUALITY
All texts are in an intertextuality with
other texts explicitly or implicitly
Performativity derived from
Speech Theory
Ways of acting, feeling, showing
emotions, gesturing, dressing
and posturing
Written and spoken texts shape and are shaped
by practices