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All about the protist

Generally
1. Nutrition
  1. Photoautotrophic
  2. Chemoheterotrophic
  3. Mixotrophic
    1. use both organic and unorganic compound
2. Reproduction
  1. Sexual
    1. Fussion -gamate- syngamy process
  2. Asexual
    1. Binary fussion
3. Morphology
  1. Cytoplasm
    1. Pellicle
      1. Vacuoles
        Energy Production
        Mitochondria-Chemoautotroph Mitochondria+Chloroplast-Phatosynthetic Hydrogenosome-Chemoorganotrophs
        Contractile vacuole(maintain osmoregulation)
        Phagocytic vacuoles(ingest food)
      2. For support
    2. OUter gelatinous ectoplasm
    3. Inner fluid
Type
1. Protozoa (animal-like protist)
  1. Classification
    1. Apicomplexa
      1. Characteristic
        *Obligate parasite *non-motile in mature form *Food absorb through other wall
    2. Archaezoa
      1. Characteristic: 1.Flagellated 2.Move in whiplike manner 3. Free-living 4. Parasitic (live& grow in blood stream-inflammation in brain)
      2. Habitat: Fresh water
    3. Ciliphora
      1. Characteristic
        *have cilia *have gullet(mouth)/cystostome-ingesting material *Eg: -Paramecium, Balantidium coli
    4. Rhizopoda
      1. Characteristic:
        Rhizopoda=Amoebas *move by pseudopods *apply phagocytosis *habitat-marine fresh water
  2. Generally
    1. Nutrition obtain through..
      1. Pinocytes
        Fluid sucked into channel
      2. Phagositosis
      3. Absorbtion
      4. Ingestion via gullet/cytosome
    2. Characteristic
      1. *no chlorophyll *lack cell wall *Unicellular *parasitic/phatogenic *Aerobic/anaerobic/chemoheterotroph *
    3. Diversity
      1. May *housed in shell/clothed in scales/naked *pigmented/non-pigmented *parasitic/symbiotic
2. Algae (Plant-like protist)
  1. General Characteristic
    1. Habitat
    2. Reproduction
      1. asexual reproduction
        Fragmentation
        Thallus breaks -> fragmented parts -> Form new thallus
        Spores
        flagellated motile spore=zoospores non-motile spores=apllanospores
        Binary fission
        nuclear division followed by cytoplasm
      2. sexual reproduction
        Female structure: oogonia -. eggs male structure: antheridia -. sperms
    3. Motillity
    4. Distriution of algae
      1. Primarily
        Plantonic
        suspended in aqueous environment
        Benthic
        attached on the bottom of water
        Neustonic
        at water surface
      2. Terrestrial
        moist rock, trees, soil
  2. Algal ecology
    1. seaweed
      1. Provide habitat for marine communities
      2. human food(sushi)
    2. secondary product
      1. alginic acid (ice-cream)
      2. carrageenan (agar)
      3. Diatomaceous earth (filter/ polishing compound)
    3. food base
      1. for marine food chain
    4. Production of toxic
      1. Algal blooms
  3. Taxonomy
    1. Chlorophyta (green)
      1. *green algae *cellulose cell walls *chlorophyll a & b *store glucose polymers
    2. Rhodophyta (red)
      1. *Reddish colour *chlorophyll a and b, phycocyanin, phycoerythrin, phycoerythrin *cell wall-cellulose/agar *sexual reproduction *storage materials- glucose polymers *habitat-marine(ocean depths)
    3. Phaeophyta (brown)
      1. *Brown colour *chlorophylls a & c, xanthophyils * cell wall-cellulose/algin *sexual reproduction *storage materials- carbohydrate *Habitat-marine (coastal water)
    4. Chrysophyta (Diatoms)
      1. *golden- brown algae *chlorophyll a & c *cell wall- peptin &silica *sexual reproduction *storage materials-oil *Habitat-fresh water
    5. Pyrrophyta (Dinoflagellated)
      1. *brownish *can cause 'red tides' *chlorophyll a & c *cell wall-cellulose *storage materials- starch *habitat-fresh water
    6. Euglenophyta
      1. *green colour *chlorophyll a & b, carotene *cell wall- none *no sexual reproduction *storage materials- glucose polymers *habitat-freshwater

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All about the protist

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	Created by farah atiqah about 9 years ago