Eukaryotic Cell Structure Prt.2

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
1. In plant and animal cells
2. Ribosomes on surface
  1. Involved in the synthesis of proteins
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
1. In both plant and animal cells
2. No ribosomes on surface
  1. Contains collections of enzymes with specialized tasks
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1. In both plant and animal cells
2. Appears as a stack of flattened membranes
  1. Modifies, sorts, and packages proteins and other materials from the endoplasmic Reticulum for storage in the cell or release outside the cell
Lysosome
1. In animal cells and rarely in plant cells
2. Small organelles filled with enzymes
  1. Break down lipids, carbohydrates, and proteins into small molecules that can be used by the rest of the cell. They are also involved in breaking down organelles that have outlived their usefullness
Vacuole
1. In both plant and animal cells
2. A large, sac-like, membrane-enclosed structures
  1. Stores materials like water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
Mitochondrion
1. In plant and animal cells
2. Power plants of the cell
  1. Convert chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use
Chloroplast
1. Only in plant cells
2. Biological equivalent of solar power plants
  1. Capture the energy from sunlight and convert in into food that contains chemical energy in process called photosynthesis
Cytoskeleton
1. In both plant and animal cells
2. Internal organization by a network of protein filaments
  1. Helps transport materials like conveyor belts. Involved in moving entire cell as in cell flagella and cilia. Helps maintain cells shape and movement.
Centriole
1. Only in animal cells
2. Formed form tublins
  1. Helps organize call devision

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Eukaryotic Cell Structure Prt.2

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