Genetically Modified Food

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Mind Map on Genetically Modified Food, created by Louise Tan on 03/02/2014.
Louise Tan
Mind Map by Louise Tan, updated more than 1 year ago
Louise Tan
Created by Louise Tan almost 11 years ago
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Resource summary

Genetically Modified Food
  1. HELPFUL?
    1. Pest Resistance
      1. Consumers do not wish to eat food that has been treated with pesticides because of potential health hazards, and run-off of agricultural wastes from excessive use of pesticides and fertilizers can poison the water supply and cause harm to the environment.
        1. Help eliminate the application of chemical pesticides
      2. Drought Tolerance
        1. Creating plants that can withstand long periods of drought or high salt content in soil and groundwater will help people to grow crops in formerly inhospitable places
        2. Disease Resistance
          1. Disease resistance There are many viruses, fungi and bacteria that cause plant diseases. Plant biologists are working to create plants with genetically-engineered resistance to these diseases
          2. Nutrition
            1. Scientists claim that their genetically altered crops are nutritionally superior to naturally occurring crops. eg. extra Vitamins
            2. Reduce World Hunger
              1. GM seeds can produce bigger, more reliable crops. GM seeds will help poor farmers grow more food for themselves and more profitable crops for the marketplace
            3. HARMFUL?
              1. Introducing allergens and toxins to food
                1. Soy allergies jumped 50% in the U.K. just after GM soy was introduced
                  1. GM crops which have additional proteins or altered genetic composition could result in toxic and allergic reactions in certain people.
                  2. Antibiotic Resistance
                    1. Genes
                      1. Hazardous genes from GE foods can become inserted into your own genes.
                      2. Reproductive Effects
                        1. There is substantial evidence of toxicity and reproductive effects associated with GM foods.
                          1. Sheep that grazed on Bt-cotton plants in India exhibited nasal discharge, reddish and erosive mouth lesions, cough, bloat, diarrhea, and occasional red-colored urine.
                        2. Crop Contamination
                          1. The growing of GM crops could result in cross-pollination between GM crops and non-GM and organic crops thereby contaminating them.
                          2. Unhealthy
                            1. Genes inserted into GM soy, for example, can transfer into the DNA of bacteria living inside us
                              1. Animal studies showing organ damage, gastrointestinal and immune system disorders, accelerated aging, and infertility
                            2. Increase Herbicide Use
                              1. Most GM crops are engineered to be "herbicide tolerant"
                                1. Between 1996 and 2008, Farmers sprayed an extra 383 million pounds of herbicide on GMCs. Overuse of Roundup results in "superweeds," resistant to the herbicide. This is causing farmers to use even more toxic herbicides every year.
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